Past Medical History (PMHx)

Question 1

Arrhythmia

Answer 1

Any condition with which a person’s heart beat is irregular (e.g tachycardia, bradycardia, atrial fibrillation)

Question 2

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Answer 2

Damage to the heart’s blood vessels (coronary vessels), the damage is usually caused by plaque build up from fat deposits.

Question 3

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Answer 3

Acid reflux, heartburn

Question 4

Diabetes Mellitus type I

Answer 4

High blood sugar due to the pancreas’ inability to secrete insulin, this condition is typically juvenile (onset at young age)

Question 5

Diabetes Mellitus type II

Answer 5

High blood sugar due to the body’s loss of sensitivity to insulin, typically seen in older patients.

Question 6

Heart Failure

Answer 6

Decrease in the heart’s performance, there are many causes (e.g MI, HTN, DM, Obesity, etc)

Question 7

Hypertension

Answer 7

High blood pressure, and it has many risk factors (e.g poor diet, lack of exercise, etc)

Question 8

Hyperlipidemia

Answer 8

High levels of lipids, typically diagnosed by high levels of LDL (low density lipoprotein).

Question 9

Myocardial infarction

Answer 9

AKA heart attack, lack of blood flow to a portion of the patient’s heart resulting in ischemia, this condition usually leads to surgical CABG or stent placement.

Question 10

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Answer 10

Narrowing of the blood vessels resulting in reduced blood flow to the limbs, can be caused by many factors (e.g DM, Obesity, etc)

Question 11

Venous insufficiency

Answer 11

Improper functioning of the vein valves in the leg, causing swelling and skin changes.

Question 12

Peripheral Neuropathy

Answer 12

Decreased neurological functioning to the periphery/limbs

Question 13

Deep Venous Thrombosis

Answer 13

Blood clot in a deep vein such as in the arm and leg.

Question 14

Pulmonary Embolism

Answer 14

Blood clot in lung, usually dislodged from the a DVT.

Question 15

Chronic Renal Insufficiency

Answer 15

Kidneys not working 100%

Question 16

Chronic Renal Failure / End-stage Renal Disease

Answer 16

Failing kidneys (patient typically on hemodialysis)

Question 17

Spinal disc herniation (slipped/ruptured disc)

Answer 17

Rupture of the intervertebral disc leading to back pain

Question 18

Sciatica

Answer 18

Shooting pain radiating down the back of the leg from the lower back due to compression of the sciatic nerve, commonly associated with spinal disc herniations.

Question 19

Cholecystitis

Answer 19

Gallbladder inflammation

Question 20

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome (TTS)

Answer 20

Also known as posterior tibial neuralgia, is a compression neuropathy and painful foot condition in which the tibial nerve is compressed as it travels through the tarsal tunnel. This tunnel is found along the inner leg behind the medial malleolus, same place where the posterior tibial tendon travels.

Question 21

Ganglion cyst

Answer 21

A non cancerous lump, often on the tendons or joints. It is non-painful and can increase in size and cause compression and irritation of surrounding structures or regress with time.

Question 22

Cellulitis

Answer 22

A bacterial skin infection, bacteria enter due to a break in the skin) causes the skin to have pain, redness, and swelling.