Past material

Question 1

Early filter model (Broadbent)

Answer 1

Argues that you can focus on one message only and information from the other

Question 2

Bottleneck model (Broadbent’s model):

Answer 2

• The filter restricts info flow like a bottle neck
• BUT it also keeps out a large portion of info
• Info gets through based on specific physical

Question 3

The Early Filter Model explains Colin Cherry’s

Answer 3

It indicates why the participant was able to recognize pitch and gender of the person speaking but not the meaning (it was filtered)

Question 4

Attenuation model (Treisman)

Answer 4

Some information from unattended channel gets through, but it is degraded.
- What is more important (lower threshold) goes

Question 5

Late Filtering model

Answer 5

Meaning assigned to all stimuli, but only important stimuli reach consciousness

Question 6

Load Theory of attention (2 elements)

Answer 6

1. Processing capacity
2. Task load (primary task difficulty and distractor

Question 7

Load theory of Attention by Goldstein

Answer 7

he ability to ignore task-irrelevant stimuli is a function of not only the load of the task you are trying to do, but also how powerful the task-irrelevant stimulus is

Question 8

Foster and Lavie

Answer 8

• Load theory
  Focus on a specific location or a particular stimulus, while simultaneously a distracting stimulus presented close to the attended location or field.
• Degree of distraction is measured by comparing reaction times between 2 or 3 different conditions

Question 9

Foster and Lavie (Results)

Answer 9

Found that there is an interaction between task difficulty and distractor. Specifically, participants were more distracted by distractor in the easy task compared to the hard task

Question 10

Treisman’s Feature-Integration Theory (2 processes)

Answer 10

1. Feature search
2. Conjunction search

Question 11

Feature search

Answer 11

• Automatic
• Fast, pop-out
• Independent of number of distractors

Question 12

Conjunction search

Answer 12

• Controlled
• Slow, effortful, needs “glue”

Question 13

Treisman’s Feature-Integration Theory (broken down into 3)

Answer 13

1. Feature maps
2. Automatic processing
3. Master map and attention