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Dermatology > Passmedicine > Flashcards

Passmedicine Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Peri-orbital and nasolabial scaly rash, dandruff

A

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

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2
Q

First line treatment for seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

Topical ketoconazole

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3
Q

Worst type of melanoma

A

Nodular melanoma

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4
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a rare but important side effect of which medications?

A

Penicillins

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5
Q

Symmetrical target lesions

A

Erythema multiforme

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6
Q

Treatment for excessive sweating

A

Topical aluminium chloride

Botox

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7
Q

Drugs which can cause a lichenoid eruption

A

Gold
Quinidine
Thiazides

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8
Q

What is the Koebner phenomenon

A

Skin lesions which appear at the site of injury

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9
Q

Treatment of impetigo

A

Topical fusidic acid

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10
Q

Red or black lump, oozes or bleeds, on sun-exposed skin

A

Nodular melanoma

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11
Q

Trichophyton rubrum

A

Fungal nail

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12
Q

Treatment for fungal nail

A

Oral terbinafine first line

alternative = oral itraconazole

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13
Q

Malassezia fungus causes what skin condition?

A

Ptyriasis versicolour

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14
Q

Treatment of scabies

A

Permethrin

Malathion lotion

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15
Q

Treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum

A

Oral steroids

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16
Q

Treatment of erythrasma

A

Erythromycin

(erythrasma is a generally asymptomatic, flat, scaly, pink or brown rash usually found in the groin or axilla - caused by overgrowth of diptheroid Corynebacterium)

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17
Q

What causes dermatitis herpetiformis?

A

Caused by deposition of IgA in the dermis

-associated with coeliac disease

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18
Q

How to identify cause of contact dermatitis

A

Skin patch test

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19
Q

Treatment of erythema nodosum

A

Usually resolves within 6 weeks - don’t usually give active treatment

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20
Q

What is erythema nodosum

A

Inflammation of subcutaneous fat

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21
Q

Treatment of pityriasis versicolour

A

Topical ketoconazole

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22
Q

This rash might occur after a sore throat?

A

Guttate psoriasis

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23
Q

How long will someone be itchy with scabies for?

A

Normal to be itchy for up to 4-6 weeks post eradication

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24
Q

Where are keloid scars most likely to form?

A

Sternum

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25
Q

Side effect of topical corticosteroids (e.g. clobetasone)

A

May cause patchy depigmentation in patients with darker skin e.g. asians

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26
Q

Seborrhoeic dermatitis is more common in patients with which disease?

A

Parkinsons

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27
Q

Treatment for actinic keratoses?

A

Topical fluorouracil cream

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28
Q

Most common side effect of isotretinoin

A

Dry skin, eyes and lips are the most common side effects

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29
Q

How long does pityriasis rosea usualyl last?

A

Usually lasts 6-12 weeks

30
Q

In pemphigus, the antibodies target which structure in the skin?

A

Target the desmosomes

31
Q

In pemphigoid, what are the antibodies targeted against?

A

The basement membrane

32
Q

Which medication can cause spider navii? hint you take it

A

Oral contraceptive pill

33
Q

Presents with orange-red lesions with pinpoint redder spots on the glans and adjacent areas of skin in uncircumcised me

A

Zoon’s balantitis

34
Q

Treatment of guttate psoriasis

A

Reassurance and topical treatment if lesions are symptomatic

35
Q

Difference between a lipoma and a soft tissue sarcoma?

A

Lipoma is usually <5cm

If bigger, worry about soft tissue sarcoma

36
Q

Most common viral cause of erythema multiforme?

A

Herpes simplex

37
Q

What can erythema marginatum occur after?

A

Rheumatic fever

38
Q

Treatment of lichen planus

A

Topical corticosteroid e.g. clobetesone butyrate

39
Q

Herald patch

A

Pityriasis rosea

40
Q

Strawberry tongue and facial sparing

A

Scarlet fever

41
Q

Starting on face and spreading to body

Koplik spots

A

Measles

42
Q

Where are venous ulcers most commonly found?

A

Above the medial malleolus

43
Q

Treatment of pityriasis rosea?

A

No treatment required

verisocolour is the one you treat with ketoconazole

44
Q

First line topical treatment for acne?

A

Topical benzoyl peroxide

45
Q

Significant complication of PUVA therapy?

A

Squamous cell skin cancer

46
Q

Pemphigus or pemphigoid spares the mouth?

A

Bullous pemphigoid spares the mouth (bullous pemiphigAVOID)

47
Q

A 34-year-old man with a history of polyarthralgia, back pain and diarrhoea is found to have a 3 cm red lesion on his shin which is starting to ulcerate. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Patient is likely to have ulcerative colitis - association with large joint arthritis, sacroilitis and pyoderma gangrenosum

48
Q

Two important causes of erythema nodosum?

A

Tuberculosis and sarcoidosis - DO CHEST X-RAY

49
Q

Common triggers of psoriasis?

A

Beta blockers

Lithium

50
Q

A 61-year-old man presents with pruritus. He has had recurrent episodes of painful swelling in the MTP joints and a history of peptic ulcer disease. On examination he has a ‘ruddy’ complexion

A

Polycythemia

51
Q

A 41-year-old woman requests a repeat prescription for citalopram. She also mentions she is constantly itchy and bruises easily. On examination she has reddened palms and a distended abdomen

A

Liver disease

52
Q

“ruddy complexion”

A

polycythemia

53
Q

What is polycythemia associated with?

A

Gout

Peptic ulcer disease

54
Q

Chronic kidney disease

A

Lethargy & pallor
Oedema & weight gain
Hypertension

55
Q

Treatment of bullous pemphigoid?

A

Oral corticosteroids

56
Q

Usually has a herald patch

A

Pityriasis rosea

57
Q

Waterlow score

A

Used to identify patients at risk of pressure sores

58
Q

What is onchomycosis?

A

Another name for fungal nail

59
Q

Treatment of lichen slcerosus

A

Steroids e.g. clobetasone propionate

60
Q

You are working in general practice and see a 24-year-old male with a likely diagnosis of pityriasis rosea. What most commonly precedes this condition?

A

Viral infection

61
Q

A lesion that may occur in a 32-year-old man with long standing Crohns disease.

A

Pyoderma gangrenosum

62
Q

A 72-year-old man is investigated for weight loss. On examination he is deeply jaundiced and cachectic. He also has a dark velvety lesion coating his tongue.

A

Acanthosis nigricans

63
Q

You are working in general practice and see a 17-year-old girl with a 8-day history of a lesion on her lower torso. This is a single 3cm oval plaque, pink in colour, with a scale trailing just inside the edge of the lesion. She has then had a subsequent 2-day history of generalised, non-pruritic, rash down her torso. This rash consists of lots of fine scales patches and plaques which follow the pattern of langer’s lines. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Ptyriasis versicolour

64
Q

You might see a positive Nikolsky sign in toxic epidermal necrolysis, what is this?

A

When the epidermis separates with mild lateral pressure

65
Q

What is erythroderma

A

Any condition that causes the majority (>90% of the skin to become inflamed, erythematous and scaly)
-most commonly: eczema, psoriasis, T-cell lymphoma, drug reactions and blistering reactions (pemphigus and pemphigoid)

66
Q

This medication can cause a photosensitive reaction

A

Trimethoprim

67
Q

Which medication would you avoid in glandular fever?

A

Amoxicillin!!!

68
Q

Which virus accounts for 70% of erythema multiforme cases?

A

Herpes simplex virus

69
Q

Who is dovobet contraindicated in?

A

Contraindicated in patients with calcium metabolism disorders and those who have viral skin lesions/fungal/bacterial/parasitic lesions

70
Q

Which virus causes molluscum contagiosum?

A

Pox virus

71
Q

Dry, fish-like scaling particularly affecting the extremities

A

Ichthyosis

72
Q

Name a panniculitis

A

Erythema nodosum - inflammation of subcutaneous fat

Dermatology (10 decks)

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