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Dermatology > Lectures > Flashcards

Lectures Flashcards

1
Q

When would you take a swab from an ulcer

A

Only if ulcer is increasingly painful/exudate/malodour/enlarging
basically if you think it is infected

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2
Q

ABP >1.5

A

Calcified

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3
Q

ABPI <0.8

A

Arterial disease

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4
Q

What is autolytic removal of devitalised tissue

A

When you use dressings to create moist wound and hydrate necrotic tissue e.g. honey

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5
Q

How long should you aim to heal ulcers over?

A

Aim to heal over 12 weeks

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6
Q

What is parakeratosis

A

Persistence of nuclei in the keratin layer

Parakeratosis = Persistence

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7
Q

What is hyperkeratosis

A

Increased thickness of keratin layer

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8
Q

What is acanthosis

A

Increased thickness of epidermis

Ancanthickness

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9
Q

What is nappy rash

A

It is an irritant contact dermatitis to urine

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10
Q

What does crusting indicate in atopic eczema

A

Indicates staph aureus infection

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11
Q

Monomophic punched out lesions

A

Eczema herpeticum

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12
Q

Most important gene that causes eczema

A

Fillagrin

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13
Q

What is Ramsay hunt syndrome?

A

Vesicles and pain in auditory canal and throat
Facial palsy
Irritation of 8th cranial nerve (deafness, vertigo, tinnitus)

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14
Q

What type of vaccine is the chicken pox vaccine?

A

Live attenuated chicken pox

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15
Q

Which type of HSV can cause encephalitis/disseminated infection (particularly in neonates)

A

HSV2

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16
Q

Red top container

A

Viral transport medium

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17
Q

What is the gold top container

A

Antibody test

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18
Q

Common causes of erythema multiforme?

A

Herpes simplex

Mycoplasma pnueomniae

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19
Q

Treatment of molluscum contagiosum

A

usually self-limiting but take months to disappear

Can be treated with local application of liquid nitrogen

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20
Q

Treatment of warts

A

Topical salicylic acid

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21
Q

Which virus causes warts?

A

Human papilloma virus

22
Q

Which HPV causes genital warts?

A

HPV 6 and 11

23
Q

Which HPV causes cervical cancer?

A

HPV 16 and 18

24
Q

Which HPV types most commonly cause normal warts/veruccas?

A

HPV types 1-4

25
Q

The HPV vaccine now protects against which strains?

A

6, 11, 16, 18

26
Q

Which viruses cause herpangina?

A

Coxsackie virus
Echovirus

NOT HERPES VIRUS!!!

27
Q

How do you diagnose herpangina?

A

Swab of lesion and sample of stool for enterovirus PCR

28
Q

Which viruses cause hand foot and mouth?

A

Enteroviruses (especially coxsackie virus)

29
Q

What causes erythema infectiosum?

A

Parvovirus B19 (slapped cheek)

-remember you will often see an arthritis as the rash fades

30
Q

How do you confirm erythema infectiosum? (slapped cheek)

A

Antibody testing - check for parvovirus B19 IgM

31
Q

Which Ig passes through placenta?

A

IgG

plagenta

32
Q

Firm fleshy nodule on hands of farmers

33
Q

How is syphillis treated?

A

Penicillin injection

34
Q

How do you diagnose syphillis?

A

Diagnosis by blood test or swab of chancre for PCR

35
Q

Which bacteria causes Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

36
Q

Complications of lyme disease?

A

Early - erythema migrans

Late - heart block, nerve palsies, arthritis

37
Q

Treatment of Lyme disease?

A

Doxycycline or amoxicillin

38
Q

Which disease is caused by Aedes aegypti?

A

Zika

my friend Zika went to Egypt

39
Q

Complications of Zika virus?

A

Guillain Barre and microcephaly

40
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is pemphigus/pemphigoid?

41
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is type purpura/rash?

42
Q

Which medications can cause drug-induec bullous pemphigoid?

A

ACE inhibitors
Penicillin
Furosemide

43
Q

Which medication can trigger linear IgA?

A

Vancomycin

44
Q

Tinea capitis

45
Q

Tinea barbae

46
Q

Tinea corporis

47
Q

Tinea manum

48
Q

Tinea unguium

49
Q

Tinea curis

50
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Foot (athletes foot)

51
Q

Which patients need sinlge room isolation and contact precautions

A

Patients with group A strep
Patients with MRSA
Patients with scabies (also need to wear long-sleeved gowns i’m out)

Dermatology (10 decks)

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