Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

General Surgery > passmed 2 go you > Flashcards

passmed 2 go you Flashcards

1
Q

What is a desmoid tumour and who would you find them in?

A

Occur most commonly in the rectus abdominus muscle in women after childbirth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do you need to do with lipomas >5cm?

A

Must scan to rule out liposarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ureters displaced medially

A

Retroperitoneal fibrosis
-nobody really knows what causes retroperitoneal fibrosis, hypertension is a common finding and patients may complain of sore back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ureters displaced laterally

A

Retroperitoneal malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

You find lots of gelatinous substance in someone’s tummy. They have had a difficult appendicectomy previously

A

Pseudomyxoma peritonei

-associated with mucinous production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rare mucinous tumour most commonly arising from the appendix

A

Pseudomyxoma peritonei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Commonest neurological manifestation of sarcoid?

A

Facial nerve palsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A 22-year-old man presents with symptoms of lethargy and bilateral facial nerve palsy. On examination he has bilateral parotid gland enlargement.

A

Sarcoid

  • affects right and left sides equally
  • typically resolves in up to 80% of cases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infection with what bacteria can make cholesteatoma smelly?

A

Pseudomonas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which lesion of the ear does cholesteatoma usually affect?

A

Pars flaccida

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Battle’s sign

A

Base of skull fracture

bruising behind the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What side is Boearhaave’s syndrome commonly?

A

Commonly on left side

-diagnosis with CT and contrast surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tearing intrascapular pain

A

Dissection of thoracic aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Discrepancy in arterial blood pressures taken in both arms

A

Dissection of thoracic aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nutcracker oesophagus

A

Diffuse oesophageal spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diagnosis of achalasia

A

pH and manometry studies, along with contrast swallow and endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What may predispose someone to developing ureteric stones?

A

Dehydration

e.g. if someone is vomiting lots then they might become dehydrated and develop stones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When does duodenal ulcer pain occur?

A

Occurs several hours after eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When is duodenal ulcer pain better?

A

Better when eating food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why can you get malaena following ruptured varices?

A

Becaase you might swallow the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the psoas stretch sign?

A

When you extend the right thigh - if it is sore it is because the psoas is inflamed (caused by an inflamed retrocaecal appendix)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When would you see Boas sign?

A

Cholecystitis

area of hyperasthesia between 9th and 11th rib posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Asides from pancreatitis, when might you see Cullen’s sign?

A

Intra-abdominal haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Asides from pancreatitis, when might you see Grey-turners sign?

A

Retroperitoneal haemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When might biliary colic be worse?
E.g. following a meal (particularly if it is a fatty meal)
26
Investigation of choice for pancreatic cancer?
High resolution CT (pretty sure you give contrast as well)
27
Areola and Paget's disease?
Areola is spared usually
28
Diagnosis of Paget's disease of the nipple?
Punch biopsy, mammography and ultrasound of breast
29
The most common cause of cardiac abnormality occurring in pregnant women?
Mitral stenosis -patients may usually be asymptomatic however physiological changes may cause an asymptomatic patient to deteriorate rapidly
30
Beck's triad
Suggests cardiac tamponade: - hypotension - muffled heart sounds - raised JVP
31
What is the most sensitive blood test for acute pancreatitis?
Serum lipase
32
Common presenting feature of renal cell cancer?
Renal vein thrombosis (e.g. haematuria and loin pain)
33
A 62 year old man presents with an aysmptomatic inguinal hernia what should you do?
Routine referral for surgical care - will likely need surgery in the long term so no point doing watchful waiting
34
Achalasia increases your risk of what?
Squamous cell cancer | squamous cell carcinoma of oesophagus usually has little to no previous history of GORD
35
What is Boas' sign?
In cholecystitis there is hyperaesthesia beneath the right scapula
36
What is Rosving's sign?
In appendicitis, when you palpate the LIF, there is pain in the RIF
37
Annual probability of inguinal hernia strangulation?
~3%
38
Boundaries of hesselbach's triangle?
Medially - rectus abdominus Laterally -inferior epigastric vessels Inferior - inguinal ligament
39
Apart from pancreatic cancer, what other conditions might CA19-9 be elevated in?
Cholangiocarcinoma
40
Biggest risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma?
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
41
Markers which may be elevated in cholangiocarcinoma?
CA19-9, CEA, CA125
42
Most common type of renal cancer?
Renal adenocarcinoma
43
Which type of cancer is cancer of the ureters and renal pelvis?
Transitional cell cancer
44
What would you see in a blood film of someone who has just had their spleen taken out? HPIT
Howell-jolly bodies Pappenheimer bodies Irregularly contracted erythrocytes Target cells
45
If you have a duodenal ulcer on the posterior wall, which vessel is most at risk? (e.g. if the ulcer erodes through)
The gastroduodenal
46
Marker most useful for identifying hepatocellular cancer?
Serum AFP
47
What are lynch syndrome tumours like?
More likely to be right sided and mucinous
48
Skin lesion that is often larger than it appears, may occur at a site of previous trauma (e.g. insect bite(
Dermatofibroma
49
A skin lesion that contains foul smelling cheesy material and surrounded by the outer part of a hair follicle
Pilar cyst
50
Where would you find junctional melanocytic naevi?
Palms, soles and mucous membranes
51
Where are paracetamol and morphine metabolised?
Metabolised in the liver
52
Where are epigastric hernia and who are most likely to get them?
Most common in men aged 20-30 years | They are a lump in the midline between the umbilicus and the xiphisternum
53
How might an obturator hernia present?
Typically presents with bowel obstruction
54
What is trastzumab?
Herceptin
55
What does it mean when something is KIT positive?
KIT = tyrosine kinase
56
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Imatinib
57
Biologic commonly used in Crohn's?
Infliximab
58
Biologic used for treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumour?
Imatinib
59
Investigation for hydatid cysts?
``` CT abdomen (percutaneous aspiration is conrtraindicated) ```
60
PTEN gene mutation
Cowdens

General Surgery (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions