Gastroenteritis Flashcards
Most common organism causing food poisoning
Campylobacter
This organism causes outbreaks
Salmonella
What is diarrhoea
More than 3 unformed stools/day
What is dysentry
Inflammation of the intestine causing diarrhoea and associated with blood and mucus
-generally associated with fever, abdo pain and tenesmus
Name two organisms which could cause dysentry
Shigella, campylobacter
Infection with which bacteria may mimic appendicitis
Yersinia entercolitis
Incubation of bacillus cerues
1-6 hours
Incubation of staph aureus
1-6 hours
May give you a deadly rash and severe headache and kill you
Scombroid
Which type of food poisoning has lots of different serotypes
Shigella
What does shigella toxin do?
Binds to the receptors found on renal cells, RBC and others
- inhibits protein synthesis
- causes cell death
Which type of toxin is more potent in shigella
Toxin 2
How would E.coli present
Bloody diarrhoea
What might you catch E. coli from?
Beef
raw milk/water
What toxin does E.coli 0157 make?
Makes verotoxin
How does e.coli 0157 present?
Bloody diarrhoa, haemorrhagic colitis
Triad of HUS?
Anaemia
Renal failure (increased uraemia)
Low platelets
Travel related E. coli toxin
EnteroTOXIgenic ETEC
EnteroAGGREGATIVE EAIC
Non breastfed related E. coli toxin
EnteroPATHOgenic EPEC
Bloody diarrhoea in a child/elderly
E. coli 0157
What would you catch campylobacter from?
Poultry (raw milk)
Abx for campylobacter
Macrolides (e.g. azithromycin)
What would you catch salmonella from?
Poultry, meat, raw egg
O-antigen
Salmonella
Most common serological types of salmonella
B, C, D
Fever, muscle aches, diarrhoea
Listeria
Caught from unpasteurised milk products, deli counter
Listeria
Diagnosis of norovirus
Real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay
RT-PCR
Diagnosis of rota-virus
Rotavirus antigen in stool
Who catches rotavirus
More common in children <3 years
How is rota virus spread?
Person-person and faecal oral
Is rotavirus bloody?
No
When do you give the rotavirus vaccine?
At 2 and 3 months
How is noravirus spread?
Faecal-oral and droplet spread
D&V explosive and sudden!
Noravirus
