Malabsorption Flashcards
What is cobalamin
Vitamin B12
What causes pernicious anaemia
Deficiency of intrinsic factor - needed to absorb vitamin B12
The fat soluble vitamins
ADEK
Deficiency in this causes acrodermatitis enteropathica
Zinc
Treatment of tropical sprue
Tetracycline and folic acid
Diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, weight loss, nausea, anorexia, anaemia
Tropical sprue
Weight loss, diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, abdominal distension, arthritis, fever, nutritional deficiency symptoms
Whipple’s disease
Treatment of giardia
Metronidazole for 1 week
How to diagnose giardia?
Examine stool for ova and parasites
Markers of small bowl bacterial overgrowth
Low cobalamin and high folate levels
Treatment for small bowel bacterial overgrowth
Surgical correction and tetracyclines for 2-3 weeks
Which deficiencies cause easy bruising?
Vitamin C and K
Subepithelial IgA deposition
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Which deficiencies cause glossitis and angular stomatitis?
B vitamins and iron
What causes spooning of nails
iron
Which medication would you use to maintain magnesium
Alpha hydroxycholecalciferol
What does octreotide do?
Mimics somatostatin
What is short bowel syndrome?
When the bowel is <200cm
Indication for home parenteral nutrition
When the small bowel is less then 50cm
How long can a peripherally inserted catheter be left in for?
14 days
Complications of inserting a central line for parenteral nutirition
Penumothorax
Arterial puncture
Misplacement
Treatment for short bowel syndrome?
Teduglatide (glucagon-like 2 peptide)
222 rule of Meckel’s diverticulum
2 feet from the IC valve, in 2% of the population, presents before 2 years of age
Scoring system you can use for appendicitis
Alvarado/MANTRELS
