Parvoviridae Flashcards
Describe the genome of Parvoviridae
linear SSDNA
nonenveloped (which is why parvo survives so well in the environment)
What are the 2 subfamilies of Parvoviridae?
- ParvoviriNae*
- Densovirinae (infects insects)*
What are the 5 genuses of Parvovirinae**?
- Parvovirus*
- Erythrovirus*
- Bocavirus*
- Dependovirus*
- Amdovirus*
BAPED
Parvoviruses replicate in the _________
nucleus
T/F:
Parvoviridae infection will show large intranuclear inclusion bodies
TRUE
T/F:
Parvoviruses can replicate in stationary cells
FALSE!
Parvoviruses can only replicate in DIVIDING cells
Genus Parvovirus includes what 3 viruses?
Feline Panleukopenia
Canine Parvovirus
Porcine Parvovirus
Genus Erythrovirus includes what diseases?
Fifth Disease
Slap Cheek Rash
Goose and duck parvoviruses, and sometimes bovine parvovirus 2 are included in what genus of Parvoviridae?
Genus Dependovirus
This genus of virus is unique because it contains a 3rd orf (open reading frame).
They usually infect the GI and Respiratory tracts and are found in humans, dogs, and cattle.
Genus Bocaviruses
Which genus includes human parvovirus B19
which causes a mild rash illness and aplastic anemia in children along with painful joints.
It is NOT zoonotic.
Genus Erythrovirus
(Fifth disease and Slap Cheek Rash)
Viruses of this genus are unable to replicate and do not cause disease.
Genus Dependovirus
because it DEPENDS on a helper virus, usually adenoviridae
Feline parvovirus causes Feline Panleukopenia (FPV)
what are 2 synonyms for it?
Feline distemper
Feline infectious enteritis
Cats can shed FPV in their urine and feces for ___ weeks after recovery
6 weeks!
How can cats contract Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)?
Oro-nasally
In-utero
Mechanically via flies
What is the hallmark of Feline Parvovirus that causes profound destruction of all white blood cell elements both in circulation or in lymphoid tissues?
Panleukopenia
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
selectively damages replicating cells in the _______ of the intestinal mucosa
crypts
What is the result of damge to intestinal crypt epithelium caused by
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)?
Villous Collapse
Enteritis
Diarrhea
What is the result of damage to Lymph Node and Thymus cells
caused by
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)?
Germinal center depletion
Apoptosis of lymphocytes
Thymic atrophy
Lymphopenia
What is the result of damage to bone marrow caused by
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)?
stem cell depletion
Neutropenia–>Thrombocytopenia–>Anemia
What is the result of damage to a fetus caused by
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)?
Loss of pregnancy
T/F:
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
can affect the cerebellum of cats.
TRUE!!
It can cause cerebellar hypoplasia and eventually cerebellar ataxia
In-utero *Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus) *infection can cause
this in kittens whose mother was infected during early fetal development
Optic Nerve hypoplasia
When does a mother cat have to be infected with Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
in order for cerebellar hypoplasia to occur?
During the last 2 weeks of pregnancy
In addition to cerebellar hypoplasia, what other CNS disease can a cat infected with
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
have?
Hydraencephaly
Kittens with Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
are also susceptible to _________
secondary bacterial infections
T/F:
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation DIC is a characteristic of
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
TRUE
T/F:
A modified-live virus is safe and effective for all cats infected with
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
FALSE!
YOU SHOULD NEVER GIVE AN MLV TO:
Pregnant, immunosuppressed, sick cats or kittens less than 4 weeks old
The first vaccination for kittens against Feline Panleukopenia (FPV or Feline Parvovirus)
is at 6 - 9 weeks old.
The last dose of the initial vaccine should be given after the kitten is
_______ weeks old, as to not mess with the maternal antibodies
16 weeks old
T/F:
Canine Parvovirus 1 is the severe form of *Parvovirus *in dogs and very deadly
FALSE!!!
*Canine Parvovirus 2 *is the deadly one
What are the 3 antigenic variants of
Canine Parvovirus 2?
CPV 2a
CPV 2b
CPV 2c
2b and 2c are found in America!
Clinically, 3 age related syndromes have been recognized as associated with
Canine Parvovirus 2
Days 2-12 causes ____________ and is uncommon
generalized neonatal disease
Clinically, 3 age related syndromes have been recognized as associated with
Canine Parvovirus 2
Age 3 - 8 weeks causes __________
Myocarditis
Clinically, 3 age related syndromes have been recognized as associated with
Canine Parvovirus 2
**Ages 2 - 4 months **causes _________ and ________ and is the most common
enteritis and panleukopenia
T/F:
Serology is a good method for testing for
Canine Parvovirus 2
FALSE!!!
Serology sucks for Canine Parvovirus 2
Use a SNAP test for parvo instead!
When should the first round of shots be given to prevent puppies from getting
Canine Parvovirus 2?
7 weeks
11 weeks
15 weeks
Booster after 1 year
Every 3 years after the booster
T/F:
Oseltamivir has been shown to reduce symptoms of Parvovirus
Feline Panleukopenia Virus (**FPV) and Canine Parvovirus 2
TRUE!
What is an infectious cause of reproductive failure causing SMEDI in swine throughout the world?
Porcine Parvovirus
T/F:
Death at different stages of pregnancy is typical of Porcine Parvovirus
TRUE
What is the HALLMARK of Porcine Parvovirus?
The increase in mummified fetuses after a normal gestation period
T/F:
Abortions are a common symptoms of pigs infected with Porcine Parvovirus
FALSE!!
ABORTIONS are NOT common
In Porcine Parvovirus, time of infection is CRITICAL.
What happens if a sow is infected in the
first 30 days of gestation?
The fetus dies and is reabsorbed
In Porcine Parvovirus, time of infection is CRITICAL.
What happens if a sow is infected between
**30 - 70 days **into gestation?
Fetuses die and become mummified
In Porcine Parvovirus, time of infection is CRITICAL.
What happens if a sow is infected
After 70 days of gestation?
late fetuses develop lesions but also mount immune response and survive in-utero
T/F:
Although uncommon, pigs infected with Porcine Parvovirus can suffer from
respiratory tract diseases and vesicular diseases
TRUE!
T/F:
Serological tests are useful in diagnosing Porcine Parvovirus
FALSE
Serology is USELESS in diagnosis of Porcine Parvovirus
Unlike most parvoviruses, Porcine parvovirus
can cause _______ infections with ________ shedding
Porcine parvovirus
can cause persistent infections with periodical sheddiing
What is the best way to prevent Porcine Parvovirus?
Vaccinate all susceptible breeding stock twice, 2 weeks apart, several weeks before breeding
