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VIROLOGY Practice Questions > Adenoviridae > Flashcards

Adenoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the morphology of Family Adenoviridae

A

Non-enveloped

hexagonal outline

icosahedral symmetry

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2
Q

Describe the genome of Family Adenoviridae

A

Non-segmented linear DSDNA

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3
Q

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae replicate in the

A

nucleus

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4
Q

Intranuclear inclusion bodies often in _________ arrays,

are typical of viruses of Family Adenoviridae

A

para-crystalline arrays

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5
Q

T/F:

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae display hemadsorption

A

FALSE!

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae hemagglutinate RBCs

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6
Q

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae are _______ in the environment,

but are _____ to inactivate with disinfectants

A

Viruses of Family Adenoviridae are stable in the environment

but are easy! to inactivate with disinfectants

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7
Q

Most *Adenoviruses *have ________ host ranges

A

narrow host ranges

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8
Q

_____ and _____ proteins of the capsid of *Adenoviruses *are toxic to cells

A

Penton and Fiber proteins

are TOXIC

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9
Q

How do Adenoviruses cause immunosuppression in their hosts?

A

Adenoviruses encode proteins that suppress host immune and inflammatory responses

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10
Q

Adenovirus proteins E3/19K inhibit

A

E3/19K inhibit transport by class 1 major histocompatibility antigen

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11
Q

*Adenovirus *protein E3/14.7K inhibit ___________ which is supposed to induce apoptosis

A

TNF is inhibited by E3/14.7K

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12
Q

Adenoviruses inhibit host cell interferon

and modulates antiviral inflammatory response by inhibiting

the transcriptional activity of __________

A

nuclear factor kB (NF k B)

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13
Q

Adenoviruses have _____ periods of latency

A

LONG

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14
Q

Where do Adenoviruses remain latent in the host body?

A

Adenoviruses lay latent in

lymphoid tissue

Tonsils, Adenoids, & Peyer’s Patches

Adenoviruses like to TAP then lay latent in lymphoids

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15
Q

Adenoviruses become reactivated in ___________ animals

A

immunocompromised

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16
Q

Some Adenoviruses can be oncogenic.

Oncogenic Adenovirus proteins are

_____ & _____

A

E1A and E1B

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17
Q

*Adenovirus *oncogenic protein E1A inactivates ___ protein

A

E1A inactivates Rb protein in host

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18
Q

*Adenoviruses *oncogenic protein E1B inactivates host cell protein ____

A

E1B inactivates host cell protein p53

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19
Q

Mammalian Adenoviruses come from genus ________

A

Mastadenovirus

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20
Q

Genus *Mastadenovirus *mammalian Adenoviruses

have ____________ that projects from each vertex

A

a single penton fiber

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21
Q

Which genus of Adenovirus has bifurcated penton fibers?

A

Genus Aviadenovirus

bird adenoviruses

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22
Q

_______________

causes Infectious Canine Hepatitis

aka Rubarth’s Disease

A

Canine Adenovirus 1

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23
Q

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) should be differentiated from

Canine __________

A

Distemper

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24
Q

**Ferrets **are resistant to _____ but susceptible to ______

so if you wanted to distinguish the 2, the ferret developing mucopurulent ocular discharge was exposed to ________

A

Ferrets are resistant to **Infectious Canine Hepatitis **but susceptible to Canine Distemper

Ferrets with mucopurulent ocular discharge were exposed to Canine Distemper

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25
Q

*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *

can infect dogs and _____

A

BEARS!!!

rawrrrr

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26
Q

*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) * is found in

_____ secretions

A

ALL

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27
Q

*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) * is shed in ______ for

6 - 9 months after acute infection

A

URINE

28
Q

T/F:

Ectoparasites can habor *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *

A

TRUE

29
Q

The most common route of infection with *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *

is the __________ route

A

oronasal route

30
Q

What are the 3 sites of virus replication of

*Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *?

A

Macrophages

Kuppfer Cells

Hepatocytes

Can I Have 1 Michael Kors Handbag?

31
Q

When tracing the pathogenesis of *Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) *,

Initially, the virus infects the tonsils

then the cervical lymph nodes

then the thoracic duct

where it turns into a viremia and enters the blood.

What are its 4 main targets after viremia?

A

Kidney

Liver

Lungs

Spleen

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) KiLLS its targets

32
Q

In regards to antibody titer levels against Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

a level of >500 means what?

A

>500

means the animal has

sufficient virus titers

and will show no clinical evidence of disease

33
Q

In regards to antibody titer levels against Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

a titer level of >500 by day 7 post infection

means what?

A

>500 by day 7 post infection

means that the animal has

cleared the virus from blood and liver

and restricted hepatic damage

34
Q

In regards to antibody titer levels against Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

persistently low antibody titers (<4)

will lead to

A

persistently low antibody titers (<4)

will lead to

widespread hepatic necrosis

35
Q

In regards to antibody titer levels against Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

partial immunity titer (16 - 500) may result in

__________ & _____________

A

partial immunity titer (16 - 500)

may result in

chronic active hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis

36
Q

_________ is common in

**chronic cases **of Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

A

Cirrhosis of the liver

in chronic cases

37
Q

In Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

**acute infections **of the **kidney **cause _____________

A

acute infections of the **kidney **

cause

Glomerulonephritis

38
Q

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

can cause

chronic kidney lesions that result from

_______________ reactions

A

immune complex reactions

39
Q

Occurring in about **20% **of Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

natural infections, but less than 1% of vaccinated dogs,

this ocular lesion of corneal edema is often known as

A

BLUE EYE

40
Q

During viremia Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) enters the eye

via the _______ tract

A

uveal tract

41
Q

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) localizes in _______ endothelium and

causes mild uveitis

A

choroid epithelium

42
Q

By days 4 - 6 post infection, Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

enters the _______________ from the blood and

replicates in corneal epithelial cells

A

aqueous humor

by day 4 - 6 post infection

43
Q

In regards to ocular lesions of corneal edema (Blue Eye) caused by CAV-1

what happens by day 7 post infection?

A

By day 7 post infection

Severe anterior uveitis

and

Corneal edema (Blue Eye)

develops!!!

44
Q

Trace the ocular pathogenesis of days 1-7 post infection with

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

A

Viremia > Uveal tract entry > Localizes in choroid, uveitis > entry into aqueous humor > replication in corneal endothelial cells > Severe anterior uveitis & Corneal Edema (Blue eye) develop

45
Q

CAV-1 antibody production increases and forms viral antibody ________ complexes

This results in complement activation and neutrophil chemotaxis which causes

extensive damage to __________ endothelium

Disruption of intact endothelium allows _______ to enter the cornea

Accumulation of edematous fluid within the ___________ results in corneal edema

A

CAV-1 antibody production increases and forms viral antibody **immune **complexes

This results in complement activation and neutrophil chemotaxis which causes

extensive damage to corneal endothelium

Disruption of intact endothelium allows aqueous humor to enter the cornea

Accumulation of edematous fluid within the** corneal stroma** results in corneal edema

46
Q

In regards to ocular lesions and edema in Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

what happens during days 8 - 21 post infection?

A

Day 8 - 21 post infection is when the

  • macrophages are removing immune complexes and the corneal endothelium *
  • is regenerating*
  • This reestablishes the hydrostatic gradient and *
  • clears the corneal edema*
47
Q

T/F:

Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a complication of

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1) that occurs because the diseased liver is unable to remove activated clotting factors

A

TRUE!

48
Q

The prognosis of Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

is WORSE if there is a concurrent infection with

these 2 viruses

A

*Parvovirus *or Distemper

49
Q

T/F:

Icterus is a common symptom of acute Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

A

FALSE!!

Icterus is UNCOMMON in Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

50
Q

A dog comes into your clinic presenting with a fever of 105F.

He is vomiting, and petechial hemorrhages are seen in his oral mucosa.

He has enlarged tonsils, swollen lymph nodes, and some edema submandibularly.

After putting him on an IV and reestablishing fluids, he seems to be getting better, but there is a cloudiness starting in his eyes.

What is your diagnosis?

A

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

51
Q

Corneal Edema and Anterior Uveitis is a sign of

______ ______

in an animal infected with

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

A

clinical recovery

52
Q

Encephalitis is more common in this species

when infected with

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

A

FOXES!

53
Q

“Paint Brush Hemorrhages” on the

gastric serosa, lymph nodes, thymus, pancreas, and subQ tissues

is pathognomonic for

A

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

54
Q

From where do you isolate the virus

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1)

A

You isolate CAV-1 from the urine

55
Q

There are two types of vaccines that have been used in treatment of

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (CAV-1).

Both are attenuated live viruses, but one uses **CAV-1 **and the other uses CAV-2

Which one is preferentially used because it will not produce corneal opacities or uveitis and will not cause the virus to be shed in the urine

A

**CAV-2 **attenuated virus vaccine

56
Q

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis is also known as Kennel Cough

and can be caused by 2 viruses. Which viruses can cause it?

A

Canine Adenovirus 2

and

Bordatella bronchiseptica (primary)

57
Q

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)

Comes in two forms. One is “uncomplicated” and the other is “complicated”

What clinical signs will you see in the “uncomplicated” form?

A

Uncomplicated Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)

harsh dry coughing followed by wretching and gagging

Coughs that sound “high-pitched” or “honking”

Rhinitis, nasal discharge, and maybe conjunctivitis

58
Q

Complicated **Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)

can cause severe __________

and is life threatening!

A

pneumonia

59
Q

In a dog with Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)

you can induce a cough by gently palpating the

________ or ________

A

larynx or trachea

60
Q

What is the standard treatment for a dog with

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)

aka

Kennel cough?

A

Cough suppressants + bronchodilators

61
Q

T/F:

A live-attenuated virus is used to prevent

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (CAV-2)

A

TRUE!

62
Q

Equine Adenovirus is caused by **EAV-1 **and EAV-2.

Which one is associated with SCID foals?

A

EAV-1 is associated with the severe respiratory disease in SCID foals

63
Q

SCID foals are immunodeficient because there is a

mutation in the allele that encodes for a DNA-dependent protein kinase that is needed for lymphocyte _______ recombination

A

V(D)J recombination

is essential for expression of antigen receptors on B and T lymphocytes

64
Q

What are **clinical signs **of EAV-1 in SCID foals?

A

Severe bronchiolitis

Pneumonia

Respiratory distress

Diffuse lung consolidation

65
Q

Equine Adenovirus 1

in SCID foals destroy the cells of

which organs primarily?

A

Pancreas

GI tract

Kidney

Bladder

66
Q

Avian Adenoviruses can cause EGG DROP SYNDROME in which 2 species of bird?

A

Chicken

Turkey

67
Q

Marble Spleen Disease is pathognomonic for Avian Adenovirus in this species of bird

A

Pheasants

VIROLOGY Practice Questions (11 decks)

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