Parts of Respiratory System

Question 1

Respiratory:
Alveoli

Answer 1

• Responsible for the transfer of oxygen into the blood and removal of waste such as CO2 out of the blood
• Air sacs

Question 2

Respiratory:
Bronchioles

Answer 2

Small airways that extend from the bronchi and connect the bronchi to alveoli (small clusters of thin walled air sacs)

Question 3

Respiratory:
Bronchus

Answer 3

• Carry air to the lungs
• When inhaled air reaches the bronchi, it is warm, clear of most impurities and saturated with water vapour

Question 4

Respiratory:
Trachea

Answer 4

• Start of the lower respiratory tract
• Contains rings of cartilage to prevent it from collapsing and is flexible
• Travels down neck in front of the oesophageal and banches into the right and left bronchi

Question 5

Respiratory:
Lungs

Answer 5

• Organs that allow oxygen to be drawn into the body

Question 6

Respiratory:
Larynx

Answer 6

• Voice box
• Has rigid walls of muscle and cartilage and contains the vocal cords
• Connects pharynx to trachea

Question 7

Respiratory:
Epiglottis

Answer 7

• Small flap of cartilage at the back of the tongue
• Closes the top of the trachea when you swallow to ensure food and drink pass into stomach and not lungs

Question 8

Respiratory:
Pharynx

Answer 8

• Throat
• Small funnel shaped tube that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to larynx and oesophagus
• Passageway for food and air

Question 9

Respiratory:
Nasal Cavity

Answer 9

• Air enters nasal cavity through the nostrils
• Hair filters out dust and pollen
• Air is warmed and moistened before passing into the pharynx
• Sticky mucous layer traps smaller foreign particles which cilia (tiny hairs) transport to the pharynx to be swallowed

Question 10

Respiratory:
Diaghragm

Answer 10

• Flat muscle beneath lungs
• Contraction increases the volume of the chest cavity, drawing air into the lungs
• Relaxation involves recoil of the diagram and decreases the volume of the chest cavity, pushing air out

Question 11

Respiratory:
Thoracic Cavity

Answer 11

• Chamber of the chest that is protected by the thoracic wall (ribcage)
• Separated from abdominal cavity by diaphragm

Question 12

Respiratory:
Internal Intercostal Muscles

Answer 12

• Lie inside ribcage
• Draw the ribs downwards and inwards, decreasing the volume of the chest cavity and forcing the air out of the lungs when breathing out

Question 13

Respiratory:
External Intercostal Muscles

Answer 13

• Lie outside ribcage
• Pull ribs upwards and outwards, increasing the volume of the chest cavity and drawing the air into the lungs and breathing in