PARTITIONING ENERGY

Question 1

calorie

Answer 1

heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1º C

1 kilo calorie = 1000 calories

1 mega calorie = 1000 kcal

Question 2

Gross Energy

Answer 2

the heat released during complete combustion of a food item

not all GE released from a food item is available to the animal

determined via bomb calorimetry

GE values differ depending on the nutrient group

• Fat= 8.7 -9.5 kcal/g
• protein= 5.3-5.8 kcal/g
• carbohydrates = 3.3- 4.3 kcal/g

standardized values

• fat = 9.4 kcal/g
• protein = 5.7 kcal/g
• carbohydrates = 4.1 kcal/g

Question 3

Digestible Energy (DE)

Answer 3

available energy following digestion

DE= GE - energy in feces

determined via animal experiments

Question 4

Metabolizable Energy

Answer 4

available energy following digestion and nutrient absorption
ME= DE - urine (and gaseous) energy

determined via animal experiments

• fat = 9.4 kcal/g
• protein = 5.7 kcal/g –> 4.45 kcal/g
• carbohydrates = 4.1

ME(kcal/g) = [(9kcal x %protein) + (4kcal x %fat) + (4kcal x %carbohydrate)

Question 5

Net Energy

Answer 5

the energy available for functions related to maintenance or production
NE= ME - HIF (heat increment of feeding)