Energy for Migration

Question 1

Migration Definition

Answer 1

seasonal round trip movement between discrete areas not used at other times of the year

Question 2

where do animals migrate to?

Answer 2

colder seasons

• migrate to Lower latitude (close to equator)
• migrate to lower altitude if in mountains

dry seasons
- migrate to an area with greater rainfall

Question 3

Zebras, wildebeest, reindeer

Answer 3

gregarious/social herbivores

Question 4

moose, mountain tapir

Answer 4

solitary/ asocial herbivores

Question 5

cougars - following prey

Answer 5

solitary/ asocial carnivores

Question 6

wolves, spotted hyena - following prey

Answer 6

gregarious/social carnivores

Question 7

baleen whales

Answer 7

marine/aquatic mammals

Question 8

complete avian migration

Answer 8

all members of a species migrate to/from the breedings grounds

most species breed in the northern hemisphere

Question 9

Partial avian migration

Answer 9

some members of a species migrate to and from breeding grounds- others stay at breeding grounds always

may leapfrog migrations to avoid central populations and food competition

Question 10

irruptive (almost) avian migrations

Answer 10

food may be available some years, but not available other years

• small mammal populations are very inconsistent
• owls do this
• seed crops can fail as well

Question 11

times of avian migration

Answer 11

1. daytime flying- rely on rising air from thermal currents- less active flight needed
2. nighttime flying- increase foraging time
   - navigate using star alignments
3. non-stop flight
   - may double BW prior to flight
   - can fly for up to 4 days straight