Particles Flashcards
Name the changes of state.
E.g.
Ice -melting - water. Water -evaporating-steam.
Steam-condensing-water. Water-freezing-ice.
Ice- sublimation- steam
Steam - deposition - ice
Describe how particles are ordered in a solid.
The particles in solids are very close together and are held together in strong bonds. They are ordered in a tight neat way. Solids cannot flow and have a fixed shape and volume. These particles move very little.
Describe how particles in a liquid a ordered.
Liquids are made up of particles that are fairly close together, but the bonds between these particles are weaker than the bonds in solids.
Liquids cannot be squashed, flow quite easily and have a fixed volume but no fixed shape. Although they are dense, liquids have a lower density than solids.
Describe how a gas is ordered.
Gases are made up of well spread out particles with no bonds between them. Gases are easy to squash, flow easily and have no fixed shape or volume. Gases have a lower density than liquids.
Do substances have definite melting and boiling points? Name the boiling points of oxygen.
No.
Oxygen - 0 Celsius = melting point
100 Celsius = boiling point
Name the different stages in the changes of state of ice.
Solid- the ice is frozen under 0. When it gets to melting point, the temp. Stays constant as the ice melts to water.
Liquid- it is water from 0 to 100. At boiling point the temp stays constant as the liquid evaporates.
What is the natural mixing of substances called?
Diffusion. And dissolving. This means that particles spread out into each other creating an even mix and different particles.
What is the name for a solid which doesn’t dissolve?
What will happen if we mix this with water?
Insoluble.
It will go cloudy and sink to the bottom.
Why is water a good solvent?
It is easily available, cheap and dissolves a lot of different solutes.
What is a solution that cannot dissolve anymore because of the excess amount of solute?
How can we be able to dissolve more solute?
A saturated solution.
Add more solvent or increase the temp.
What happens to particles when they are heated?
They move faster and and expands the space between the particles. This is how we get changes of state.
E.g. Ice is heated so the the particles moves apart from each other. This creates water
What is the formula for the calculation of density of a regular object?
Mass divided volume = density
E.g. 210g divided 70cm3= 3.0g/cm3
