Particle Mode Of Matter

Question 1

Describe the configuration of solids

Answer 1

Particles are very close together
Particles arranged in regular pattern
Particles vibrate but do not move from place to pace

Question 2

Describe configuration of a liquids

Answer 2

Particles are close together.
Particles not arranged in regular pattern.
Particles can move around each other

Question 3

Describe configuration of gasses

Answer 3

Particles are very far apart.
Particles not arranged in any any pattern.
Particles are moving very rapidly.

Question 4

What is density

Answer 4

The density of a material tell us the mass for a given volume

Question 5

Compare the brick and polystyrene block and their density

Answer 5

The brick has a high density. It has lots of mass packed into its volume. The polystyrene block has a low density. It has a lower mass packed into its volume.

Question 6

Why do solids usually have a very high density

Answer 6

Because the particles are packed together, solids have a lot of mass for their volume

Question 7

Why do liquid usually have a high density

Answer 7

Because the particles are close together, liquids have a lot of mass for their volume.

Question 8

Why do gasses have a low density

Answer 8

The particles are very far apart so gases only have a small mass for their volume

Question 9

Describe the density of polystyrene

Answer 9

Polystyrene is a solid but it has low density. Polystyrene has a very open structure and it is full of air spaces. It has a small mass for it’s volume

Question 10

How do we find the density of an regular solid

Answer 10

First we determine the mass using a scale.
Then work out volume - we use a ruler to measure the length of the side.
The volume equals the length of the side cubed.
Then use the density equation = mass/volume

Question 11

How to find the density of an irregular object

Answer 11

Find the mass of the object using a scale.
Then fill eureka can with water.
Place object into the water. This will cause water to be displaced and flow out of the can through the spout.
Measure the volume of water displaced. This volume is the same as the volume of the object.
Then use density = mass/volume

Question 12

Describe the internal energy in a solid

Answer 12

Particles in a solid do not move from place to place, but they do vibrate.

Question 13

Describe the internal energy in a liquid

Answer 13

Particles in a liquid can move around each other

Question 14

Describe the internal energy in a gas

Answer 14

Move extremely rapid

Question 15

What is internal energy

Answer 15

Energy stored in a system by the particles.(simple)
Internal energy is the total energy and potential energy of the particles(atoms and molecules) that make up a system.

Question 16

What is solid to liquid change

Answer 16

Melting

Question 17

What is liquid to solid

Answer 17

Freezing

Question 18

What is gas to liquid

Answer 18

Condensation

Question 19

What is liquid to gas

Answer 19

Boiling

Question 20

What is solid to a gas

Answer 20

Sublimation

Question 21

What happens too mass during change of state

Answer 21

Nothing mass is always conserved

Question 22

What type of reaction is change of state

Answer 22

Physical

Question 23

Describe evaporation

Answer 23

Evaporation is when a liquid turns to a gas but only on the surface of a liquid as the only the particles on the surface have enough energy to turn into a gas

Question 24

What is specific heat capacity

Answer 24

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1 degree

Question 25

what is the energy needed to change a state called

Answer 25

Latent heat

Question 26

What is the energy needed for a substance to change state

Answer 26

Latent heat

Question 27

Describe heating and cooling graphs

Answer 27

During the change of state, we increasing the internal energy store of the system but we not changing the temperature

Question 28

What is the specific latent heat of a substance

Answer 28

Amount of energy required to change the state of one kilogram of the substance with no change in temperature

Question 29

It takes 334000 J of energy to melt one kilogram of ice. What is this called

Answer 29

Scientists call this the specie latent heat of fusion

Question 30

What is specific latent heat of fusion

Answer 30

The energy required to change 1kg of a substance From a solid to a liquid with no change in temperature

Question 31

What is specific latent heat of vaporisation

Answer 31

The energy required to change 1kg of a substance from a liquid to a vapour with no change in temperature

Question 32

Describe particles in a gas

Answer 32

Particles are very far apart and are in constant random motion

Question 33

Describe the pressure of a gas

Answer 33

The pressure of a gas is due to the particles colliding with the walls of the container that the gas is held in.
By colliding with the walls of the container, the gas particles are exerting a pressure.
We increase the pressure if we increase the number of collisions per second or the energy of each collision

Question 34

What is the difference between a gas having a low temperature or a high temperature

Answer 34

The temperature of a gas is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles
At low temperatures :
Parcels have lower kinetic energy. There are fewer collisions per second. There are lower energy collisions(low pressure)
At high temperatures:
At high temperatures, particles have higher kinetic energy. These are more collisions per second. These are higher energy collisions.