Easter Revision Summary Sheets Paper One

Question 1

What is a system

Answer 1

An object or group of objects

Question 2

Describe energy store changes for a football that has been kicked upwards

Answer 2

As the ball move upwards the kinetic energy store off the ball decreases and the gravitational potential energy store of the ball increases

Question 3

Describe the energy store changes for a squash ball hitting the wall

Answer 3

When the ball hits the wall, the kinetic energy store of the ball decreases and the elastic potential energy energy store increases. Some energy is transferred to surroundings. The thermal energy store of the surroundings also increases.

Question 4

Describe the energy changes for a car accelerating

Answer 4

As the car moves, the chemical energy store of the petrol decreases and the kinetic energy store of the car increases. Some energy is also transferred by sound waves to the surroundings and the thermal energy store of the surroundings also increases

Question 5

Describe energy store change for a car deacclerating

Answer 5

As the car slows down, the kinetic energy store decreases and the thermal energy store of the surroundings and brakes increase. Some of the energy is also transferred by sound waves to surroundings

Question 6

Describe energy store changes for bringing water to boil

Answer 6

Energy is transferred electrically from the chemical energy store in the power station to the heating element in the kettle and the thermal energy store of the water increases, which increases the kinetic energy store of the particles that make up the water

Question 7

What is the unit for kinetic energy, mass, speed

Answer 7

Joules, J
Kilograms, kg
Metres per second, m/s

Question 8

What are two examples of objects with kinetic energy stores

Answer 8

Toy car travelling down the ramp
Gas particles moving in the air

Question 9

What are the units for elastic potential energy, spring constant and extension

Answer 9

Joules, J
Newtons per metres, N/m
Metre, m

Question 10

What are two examples of objects with elastic potential energy stores

Answer 10

Stretched elastic band, extended spring

Question 11

What are the units for gravitational potential energy, mass, gravitational field strength and height

Answer 11

Joules, J
Kilograms, kg
Newtons per kilogram, N/kg
Height, m

Question 12

What are two examples of objects that have gravitational potential energy stores

Answer 12

Apple on a tree
Aeroplane in sky

Question 13

What are the units for change in thermal energy, specific heat capacity

Answer 13

Joules, J
Joules per kilogram, J/kg

Question 14

What is the definition of specific heat capacity

Answer 14

The amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of a 1kg material by 1oc

Question 15

Define power

Answer 15

The rate of doing work

Question 16

What are the unis for power, energy transferred, time and work done

Answer 16

Watts, W
Joules, J
Seconds, s
Joules, J

Question 17

An LED bulb has a power rating of 8W, a halogen bulb has a power rating of 28W but they both have similar brightness. What is the difference?

Answer 17

The LED bulb transfers less energy per second than the halogen bulb

Question 18

The power output of a hairdryer is 2000W. How much energy is transferred per second?

Answer 18

2,000 joules per second

Question 19

What is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 19

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can be transferred, stored or dissipated

Question 20

Define dissipation

Answer 20

Energy being transferred to surroundings

Question 21

How does thermal conductivity of a material affect how it transfers energy by conduction

Answer 21

If a material has a high thermal conductivity, it will transfer heat via conduction at a much quicker rate

Question 22

How is energy lost from a building? What factors affect this?

Answer 22

Energy is transferred to thermal energy stores of the surroundings. The factors that affect this are the thermal conductivity of the walls and their thickness