Participant Safety Flashcards
What is a warning sign?
An objective, observable indicator, such as loss of coordination, blue lips, or heavy coughing.
What is a symptom defined as?
A subjective sensory indicator that a participant feels, such as dizziness or nausea.
What is rhabdomyolysis?
The breakdown of muscle fibers resulting in the release of muscle fiber contents into the circulation. Some of these are toxic to the kidney and frequently result in kidney damage.
What are some signs and symptoms of overexertion?
Nausea, dizziness, loss of strength, poor and/or unsafe form and technique, vomiting, and in extreme cases, rhabdomyolysis.
What is the most obvious sign of fatigue?
Improper exercise technique.
What is tennis elbow?
Pain on the outside of the elbow at the attachment of the forearm muscles, lateral epicondylitis.
What is a sprain?
Tearing or overstretching of a ligament, joint capsule, and/or connective tissue. The ankle and knee are common locations for sprains.
What are some musculoskeletal injuries?
Sprain
Strain
Compound fracture
Contusion
What are the signs and symptoms of a sprain?
Swelling pain, joint instability, joint stiffness, immobility, and possible discoloration.
Should EMS be activated in the case of a sprain?
Possibly, if the person is not able to move to safety and there are no other means to move the person.
What is a strain?
Tearing or overstretching of a muscle or tendon. Shoulder and hamstrings are common locations for strains.
What are some signs and symptoms of a strain?
Swelling, pain, local tenderness, possible discoloration, and loss of strength and ROM.
What is a compound fracture?
Bone fracture resulting in an open wound.
Should EMS be activated in the case of a strain?
Possibly, if the person is not able to move to safety and there are no other means to move the person.
What are signs and symptoms of a compound fracture?
Bony protrusion, bleeding, and possible shock.
Should EMS be activated in the case of a compound fracture?
Yes, especially if there is heavy bleeding.
What is a contusion?
A bruise formed from an acute, traumatic blow to the body.
What are the signs and symptoms of a contusion?
Sort tissue hemorrhage, hematoma, and restricted ROM.
Should EMS be activated in the case of a contusion?
Possibly, if the person sustains a blow to the head or possible internal bleeding.
What are some common chronic musculoskeletal conditions?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Tendinitis
Bursitis
Plantar fasciitis
Shin Splints (Medial tibial stress syndrome)
Iliotibial (IT) band friction syndrome
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Impingements
What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
A painful condition of the hand and fingers caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist.
What are some signs and symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Numbness and tingling in the hands.
What are some recommended modifications for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
Stretch the wrist, fingers and forearm.
Maintain neutral wrist alignment.
Avoid load-bearing wrist flexion and extension.
Change the angle of the wrist flexion based on participant comfort.
What is tendinitis?
Inflammation of a tendon due to overuse.