语法part1 Flashcards
表状态和感觉的动词(love, wish, believe, guese, mind, require 等)一般用什么时态?
一般现在时
现在进行时用法
与always,continually,forever 等词连用;正在进行的动作;一直进行的动作;(人)将来的位移:start,leave,come,go
现在完成时的用法
已完成与现在有联系;动作或状态从过去开始到现在,可能继续下去,未完成
现在完成进行时
动作或状态从过去开始到现在,可能继续下去,未完成
一般过去时
表现在(礼貌);过去的动作,过去的习惯动作
not放在句首应用?
倒装语序
过去完成时
已完成,动作或状态在过去某时之前已经完成;未完成,延续到过去的一个时间
will/shall+ v
说话人主观的看法
will/shall+to do
自然要发生
be going to v
意图
be+_ing
按计划、安排发生,位置转移的动词( go, come, leave, start, arrive)
to be +v
按计划、安排发生,命令,禁止或可能性
过去将来时结构形式
would+v; was/were going to+v; was/were+_ing, was/were to +
不定式,动名词,从句做主语时 当_数看
单数
one of …… 当_数看
复数
定语从句中的先行词 当_数看
与先行词一致
there be 或其他倒装句式,谓语动词应
与邻近的主语一致
everone,no one 做翻译疑问句主语时,主语用
they
any-,no-,some-,every- 做主语是,谓语动词用_数
单数
单复数同型的名词,如police,people,cattle,militia,poultry,vermin等通常看做_数
复数
不可数名词的集体名词,foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise 通常看做_数
单数
and/both…and 不指同一物时,谓语动词用_数
复数
or,nor,either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also 谓语动词用_数
就近原则
主语带有 as well as,along with,except,rather than 等是, 谓语动词用_数
与主语一致
one in/out of….谓语动词用_数
单数
many a + 单数名词;more than one + 单数名词 做主语,谓语动词用_数
单数
虚拟语气各时态 主句用法
现在:would(should)+do;过去: would(should,colud,might)+have done;将来:would(should,colud,might)+do
虚拟语气各时态 if从句用法
现在:过去式(be 为 were);过去:过去完成时;将来:过去式(be 为 were),were+不定式,should do
含蓄条件句的引导词
without,but for,otherwise,otherwise,or,but for,but that,given,prvided,suppose,supposing,were it not for
wish 的虚拟语气用法
现在:done;过去:had done;将来:should do
advise,agree,ask,beg,command,decide,desire,insist,,prefer,propose,recommend,vote后的虚拟语气形式
(should) do
It is strange/imortant… that 和 It is a pity/shame/no wonder that 后的虚拟语气
(should) do
sugestion,order,plan,idea 等后面的同位语中虚拟语气
(should) do
as if、as though (与事实不符)时虚拟语气
(should) do
lest,for fear that,in case后虚拟语气
(should) do
would rather/would as soon 后that从句的虚拟语气
与wish相同
must have done 的否定式
can(could) not have done
may have done
表对过去的推测
三种非谓语动词的用法
不定式:具体一次动作;动名词:泛指,重复,延续,正在进行的动作;_ed:被动,完成
adimit 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
afford 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
aim 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
appreciate 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
avoid 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
can’t help 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
agree 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
attempt 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
consider 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
delay 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
deny 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
enjoy 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
consent 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
decides 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
finish 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
imagine 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
mind 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
miss 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
decline 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
demand 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
desire 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
determine 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
expect 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
fail 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
happen 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
hesitate 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
hasten 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
postpone 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
practice 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
quit 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
recall 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
regret 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
report 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
resent 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
resist 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
resume 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
risk 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
suggest 后接哪类非谓语动词?
doing
hope 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
hurry 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
intend 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
long 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
love 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
manage 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
offer 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
plan 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
prepare 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
prented 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
promise 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
refuse 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
seek 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
strive 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
struggle 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
tend 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
undertake 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
want 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
wish 后接哪类非谓语动词?
to do
不定式的否定副词 not never 等必须
置于动词不定式之前