part A biology test Flashcards
what phylum are we talking about
chordate
what is the subphylum that we belong too
vertebrates
where is the nerve chord on a chordate
dorsal side
what are the three characteristiscs of chordates
they have a notochord, nerve chord, and pharyngial slits
what are pharangeal slits
openings in the pharynx (throat region) that are a defining feature of all chordates, including humans.
what are agnatha
jawless fish that have two major groups
what is a notochord
basically a rod that supports chordates
what are the two major groups that agnatha have (examples)
myxini (hagfish), and cephalaspidomorphi (lampreys)
where was the notochord on the simple vertebrates
on the ventral side
how come the two agnatha are more than worms
because of the vertebrates and notochords.
where does food go in the fish
mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestine, anus
what are the finger like projections that make enzymes in fish
pyloric cacea
what is the other structure that helps make bile to digest food in fish
liver
what stores bile
gallbladder
what is that empty space in the fish
air bladder
what does the airbladder do in fishq
helps with buoysncy
whats the thing that kinda small in males and larger in females in fish
gonads
where is the kidney in fish
the dark like plastered against the vertebral column
where is the urine stored in fish
in the urinary bladder
what does the kidney do in fish
make urine
how do the urine and gametes leave the fish
go out uregenital opening
how many chambered hearts do fish have. which one
two, ventricle and atrium
what type of support does the anterior dorsal fin have
spinal supports
what is the back fin called
coddle fin
what type of support does the posterior dorsal fin have
soft rays
what is the one fin next to anus callled
anal fin
what is the fins on the bottom
pelvic and pectoral fins
where does water go in fish
in mouth through gills and out the operculum
what does gill raker do
filter particles so that it doesnt damage hundreds of filaments
what are the currents in gill filaments called
counter currents
why is the fish countershading
better camaflouge top is black bottom is white
what does ectothermic mean
they don’t regulate theeir own heat
what does ecto mean
outside
what are humans in general endo or ectothermic
endothermic, warm blooded
what class do forgs belong to
amphibia
what does amphibia mean
double life
stages of metamorphisis for frog
hind legs form, lungs, front legs,
how do tadpoles move around with no legs
coddlefin
what do forgs breathe through
gills
what are the little hols on the side of frogs called
spiracles
what forms from spiracles in frogs
operculum
what unique baout forg skin
very thin
why is frog skin thin
so that there is more gas regeneration
what is amplexis
when frog squeezes eggs out
whats it called when egg is outside body
oviporous
what does ovi and viv mean
egg life
what is estivation
when frogs cool in mud becuase it is too hot outside
how do frog eggs compare to toad eggs
frog eggs are all jammed together while toad eggs are in a long strand
how do frogs catch prey
with tounge stuck at front of mouth they extend their tongue far out
what is viviporous
the babies develop inside and then there is a live birth.
what is the mesentary
helps hold the intestine and other organs from wall and make them stable
what does the jelly coat do for frog eggs
t to enhance their size (so they won’t be as easily eaten), to protect them against bacteria, and to attract and activate sperm.
what chambers do the frog have. and how many
three
two atria and one ventricle.
