chp 11 Flashcards
do pea plants do self or cross pollination
self pollination
How did mendel make cross polllinaiton occur in pea plants?
he removed egg, and the anther, he used a tool to collect pollen and transfer it over to the other flower
Did mendel make a big cut or a little insition? why?
He made a little incisition to keep other pollen from getting in there.
what is a stigma
essentially, it’s the part of the flower that catches pollen to enable reproduction.
What is an anther
the part of a flower’s stamen that produces and contains pollen:
what is gregor mendel famous for
dicovering the laws of inheritance
What is heterozygous
One Dominant and one recessive allele
what is homozygous
Both allele are dominant or recessive
how did mendel know he was starting with purebred plants
the petals on the flower were closed
when mendel crossed the plants what did he expect to get if one is tall and the other is short? what did he get?
he thought he would get a medium flower.
He got a tall flower
what is mendels laws for the pea plants
- for every trait theres a gene with two alleles
- alleles are dom and rec
3.during the formation of gametes alleles segragate
who made punnett squares
reginald punnett
why do people experiment with fruit flys
smal, simple, they have a short lifespan so they reproduce faster
what is genotype
genotype is somethings alleles like TT
what is phenotype
somethings observable characteristics
waht is a dihybrid coss
a mating experiment between two organisms that are identically hybrid for two traits
what is the law of segragation
only one of the two gene copies present in an organism is distributed to each gamete (egg or sperm cell) that it makes, and the allocation of the gene copies is random.
Law of independatn assortment
the alleles of two (or more) different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another.
what is is called when a RR red and WW white make roan a mix of red and white
incomplete dominance
what is a phenotypic ratio
the punnet squares ratio
what are dependent and independant traits
“dependent traits” refer to characteristics that are influenced or affected by another trait, called the “independent trait”
monohybrid cross
a genetic cross between two organisms that are only different in one specific trait,
what is the differnce between dihybrid and monohybrid cross
A monohybrid cross examines the inheritance of a single trait between two individuals, while a dihybrid cross examines the inheritance of two different traits simultaneously between two individuals
what is codominance
a speckled chicken is an example.
what is a gamete
the reproductive cells of an organism.
basically the egg and sperm
