bio chp 26 Flashcards
what are the cells that have a specific receptro for a hormone called
target cells
say the process of what the steroids do
1.go into receptor
2. make receptor complex
3.nucleus activates
4. transcription
5. translation
what is the broad category for the steroid thign called
steroiod, and nonsteroid cells
what is a secondary characteristic
small molecules that relay signals
what is GH
growth hormone
nonsteriod process
1.receptors attach on membrane
2. binding hormone activates enzymes
3. secondary messangers tell cells what to do
4.Secondary messanger activate or inhibit wide range of cell activities
nonsteroids are not lipids but what
proteins,amino acids, or peptides
what part of the brain is the pituatary gland attached to
hypothalamus
how big is the pituatary gland
the size of a bean
what is the most common secondary messanger
cyclic AMP
what is FSH
Follicale stimulating hormone, regulates ovaries and testies
what is LH
lutenizing hormone, helps with ovulation and testosterone production
what is TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone: stimulates and makes thyroxin
what is ACTH
adrenal cortico tropic hormone: stimulates adrenal gland to make stress hormones
what is P
prolactin: regulates mlk production
what is MSH
melanocyte stimulating hormon: regulates melanocyte to make melanin
name all the anterior pituatary hormones
Adreno cortico trophic hormone (ACTH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Lutenizing hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Growth hormone (GH)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
name all posterior pituatary hormone
oxcytocine and ADH
what is O and ADH in posterior pituatary
oxytocin: triggers uterine walls to push baby out and produce milk
antidiuretic hormone: keeps water in blood of body instead of releasing into urine when dehydrated
how does the hypothalamus communicate with posterior pituatary
neurons go and release neurotransmitters
ADH
how does the hypothalamus communcate with anterior pituatary
releases releasing hormones and goes to anterior pituatary
whats teh outside and inside layer of the adrenal gland called
adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
the adrenal cortex makes 22 different hormones to regulate for what
stress
adrenal medulla is in the middle and produces wat
produces adrenaline
what does the pancreas do
produces digestive juices and insulin, as well as other hormones to do with digestion
what is the master gland
the pituatary gland
what is thyroid and what does it produce
produces thyroxine, and increases metabolism
what is another hormone that thyroid produces besides thyroxine
calcitonin: helps with clower calcium levels by putting into bones
what are the glands behind the thyroid
parathyroid
what does parathyroid do
regulates calcium levels in body
what organ is both an endocine and exocrine gland
pancreas
what do alpha cells do
make insuline to bring blood sugar down
what does glucagon do
bring glycogen out to increase blood sugar when its to low
what does the parathyroid make
parathyroid hormone
what does parathyroid hormone do to calcium leveles in the blood
increases it
how does the hypothalamus control thyroxin levels
if your body temp is too cool it send impulses down to anterior piutuatary gland and releases thyrotropin releasing hormone and stimulates make TSH
do posterior pituatary need releasing hormones
no neuron goes directly there and make ADH
what is a nephron
Each of your kidneys is made up of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus, and a tubule. The nephrons work through a two-step process: the glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule returns needed substances to your blood and removes wastes.
what does insulin do
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels.
what does glucagon do
Glucagon increases your blood sugar level and prevents it from dropping too low,
