part 6

Question 1

A more rigorous citera for haute couture got established 1945, which are the rules?

Answer 1

• designs made for private clients.
• have a workshop (atelier) in Paris that employed at least 15 staff members full time.
• have at least twenty full-time technical people in the atelier.
• present collection of at least fifty original designs to the public every fashion season, of both day and evening garments.

Question 2

Define a couturier.

Answer 2

A couturier is an establishment or person involved in the clothing fashion industry who makes original garments in order for private clients. Makes haute couture. Usually hires pattern makers and machinists for garment production.

Question 3

Name a few couturiers following Worth’s footsteps?

Answer 3

• Coco Chanel
• Cristobal Balenciaga
• Christian Dior
• Paul Poriet

Question 4

Define and tel the history of RtW.

Answer 4

The American rtw menswear industry was born 1800, half a century earlier than women. Among the first men’s clothing manufacturers, one of the largest and most famous retailer for modern men’s clothing was Brooks Brother founded 1818. In womenswear, women sewn their own clothing inspired by French fashion up until the second half of the 19th century. While the ones who could afford it, bought haute couture directly from France. The formula “Paris inspired was the key to sell clothes”.
After the second world war the first American designers started to pop up.

Question 5

Define slow fashion.

Answer 5

• Born as a reaction to fast fashion. It is about quality, zero waste and long-lasting garments.
• does not require sale samples.
• does not require presentation of the sales collection
• works when companies are small or the leaders of the chain stores (total control of the distribution chain, are owners of the stores).

Question 6

Define distribution channels.

Answer 6

The distribution channels of the retail system are numerous and very different one from the other. They differ depending on the target they adress, depending on the region, and according to the various the competitors present in the same area.

Question 7

How is the retail system divided?

Answer 7

• GDO ( Large scale distribution, Supermarket chains)
• GDS ( Large specialised distribution)
• Flagship store
• Monobrand store (direct, franchising)
• Department store
• Multibrand store
• Mall
• Outlet
• E-commerce

Question 8

What is GDO?

Answer 8

The term GDO indicated the large scale supermarket chains. We refer to GDO when we are talking about modern retail system carried out through a network of supermarkets. The most important GDO of the world could be summarised under, Walmart, Carrefour, Esselunga, Metro, Auchan.

Question 9

What is GDS?

Answer 9

Represent the large specialised distribution. Under this term we find those organisations that unlike gdo, present a specificities product belonging to a specialised market segment. GDS are all those chains ranging from electronics, to DIY store, to libraries, to furniture stores etc. Examples could be Ikea, Mediaworld, Le roy merlin, Decathlon, Feltrinelli.

Question 10

What is the flagship store?

Answer 10

The purpose of a flagship store is to provide the ultimate service and quality on the brand. The assortment is usually wider. And the store is usually used to represent the brand to new customers.