Part 4

Question 1

As arterial pressure falls, there is a critical below which flow ceases due to?

Answer 1

Closure of arterioles

Question 2

This critical luminal pressure is required to keep arteriole from?

Answer 2

Closing completely

Question 3

Vascular tone is proportional to?

Answer 3

CCP (critical closing pressure)

Question 4

What happens if cardiac output is stopped?

Answer 4

Arterial pressure falls

Venous pressure rises

Question 5

Mean circulatory filling pressure = equilibration of pressure where?

Answer 5

Arterial BP = Venous BP

Question 6

Equilibration pressure may be prevented by?

Answer 6

Closure of the arterioles (CCP)

Question 7

Mean circulatory filling pressure is responsible for?

Answer 7

Pressure gradient driving peripheral venous return

Question 8

At a given MCFP, as central venous pressure increases, venous return will?

Answer 8

Decrease

Question 9

If MCFP = CVP, venous return goes to?

Answer 9

0

Question 10

As central venous pressure increases, cardiac output increases due to?

Answer 10

Intrinsic and Extrinsic effects

Question 11

The pressure in the central veins (SVC &IVC) at the entry into the right atrium is called?

Answer 11

Central Venous Pressure

Question 12

Central venous pressure =?

Answer 12

R atrial pressure

Question 13

Collection of neurons in the medulla and pons is called?

Answer 13

Vasomotor Center

Question 14

What are the 4 main regions in the vasomotor center?

Answer 14

1. Pressor Center
2. Depressor Center
3. Sensory Area
4. Cardioinhibitory area

Question 15

The pressor center increases?

Answer 15

Blood pressure

Question 16

The depressor center decreases?

Answer 16

Blood Pressure

Question 17

The sensory area mediates?

Answer 17

Baroreceptor reflex

Question 18

Cardioinhibitory area stimulates?

Answer 18

CN X

Question 19

Where is the pressor center located?

Answer 19

Anterolateral area of upper medulla

Question 20

Pressor center projects norepinepherine to?

Answer 20

IML horn cells (pre-ganglionic SNS)

Question 21

What are the effects of the pressor center?

Answer 21

Vasoconstriction
Stimulate cardiac activity
Tonically active exciting SNS outflow

Question 22

The pressor center is also called?

Answer 22

Vasoconstrictor center “C1”

Question 23

Fibers from depressor center, project into and inhibit?

Answer 23

Pressor Center

Question 24

Where is the depressor center located?

Answer 24

Anterolateral lower medulla oblongata

Question 25

The effects (by inhibiting pressor center) of the depressor center include?

Answer 25

Vasodilation | Decreased cardiac activity

Question 26

What is another name for the depressor center?

Answer 26

Vasodilator area "A1"

Question 27

Where is the sensory area "A2" located?

Answer 27

Posterolateral portions of medulla and pons

Question 28

Sensory area is more specifically located in?

Answer 28

Nucleus tractus solitarius

Question 29

Sensory area receives input primarily from?

Answer 29

CN 9 and 10

Question 30

Sensory area outputs to both?

Answer 30

Pressor and Depressor Centers

Question 31

Sensory area mediates?

Answer 31

Baroreceptor reflex

Question 32

The baroreceptor reflex will?

Answer 32

Inhibit pressor center | Lower BP

Question 33

Where is the cardioinhibitory area located?

Answer 33

Medially next to dorsal motor nucleus of vagus

Question 34

Cardioinhibitory area will transmit impulses into dorsal motor nucleus of vagus by inhibiting?

Answer 34

Heart Activity

Question 35

Sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone is due to?

Answer 35

Pressor center input

Question 36

Sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone maintains what?

Answer 36

Arterial BP

Question 37

Rapid short term control of blood pressure involves?

Answer 37

Nervous system effect on vascular smooth muscle

Question 38

Long term control of blood pressure is dominated by?

Answer 38

Kidney (renal-body fluid balance)

Question 39

Contents involve?

Answer 39

Blood Volume

Question 40

Container involves?

Answer 40

Blood vessels

Question 41

Control of blood pressure is accomplished by either affecting?

Answer 41

Vascular tone or blood volume

Question 42

Spray type nerve ending in vessel walls is known as?

Answer 42

Baroreceptors

Question 43

Baroreceptors are especially abundant in?

Answer 43

Carotid Sinus | Arch of Aorta

Question 44

Baroreceptors are stimulated when?

Answer 44

Stretched

Question 45

When baroreceptors are stretched it inhibits pressor center via?

Answer 45

CN 9 and 10 & NTS

Question 46

What are the net effects of baroreceptors?

Answer 46

Vasodilation | Decreased Cardiac Output

Question 47

Baroreceptors are?

Answer 47

Carotid Sinus Reflexes

Question 48

Baroreceptors are more sensitive to?

Answer 48

Changing pressure rather than static pressure

Question 49

Baroreceptors have a buffer function in which change in BP is due to?

Answer 49

Change in body position

Question 50

Lack of long term control of baroreceptors is due to?

Answer 50

Adaptation

Question 51

Where are low pressure baroreceptors located?

Answer 51

Atrial walls | Pulmonary arteries

Question 52

Low pressure baroreceptors augment?

Answer 52

Arterial Baroreceptors

Question 53

Low pressure baroreceptors minimize pressure changes in response to?

Answer 53

Blood volume changes

Question 54

Baroreceptor reflex is?

Answer 54

Low pressure

Question 55

Baroreceptors decrease?

Answer 55

Heart Rate

Question 56

Baroreceptors increases?

Answer 56

Urine Production

Question 57

Increased urine production will decrease?

Answer 57

SNS in renal nerve | Secretion of ADH

Question 58

Bainbridge reflex will increase?

Answer 58

Heart Rate

Question 59

Stretch on atrial wall will release?

Answer 59

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide