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Physiology 3 Exam 2 > Part 3 > Flashcards

Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Passive diffusion involves?

A

Permeability

Concentration Gradient

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2
Q

Ultrafiltration is bulk flow through a?

A

Filter (Capillary)

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3
Q

Ultrafiltration involves starling forces such as?

A

Hydrostatic Pressure

Colloid Osmotic Pressure

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4
Q

Hydrostatic pressure gradient favors?

A

Filtration

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5
Q

Capillary hydrostatic pressure averages?

A

17 mm Hg

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6
Q

Interstital hydrostatic pressure averages?

A

-3 mm Hg

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7
Q

Colloid Osmotic Pressure favors?

A

Reabsorption

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8
Q

Capillary COP averages?

A

28 mm Hg

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9
Q

Interstitial COP averages?

A

9 mm Hg

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10
Q

Colloid osmotic pressure is a function of the?

A

Protein Concentration

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11
Q

Plasma proteins include?

A

Fibrinogen
Albumin
Globulins

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12
Q

Calculated colloid effect is?

A

19 mm Hg

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13
Q

Actual colloid effect is?

A

28 mm Hg

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14
Q

What increases colloid osmotic effect?

A

Donnan Effect

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15
Q

Large plasma proteins carry negative charges which attract positive ions. This increases the osmotic effect by?

A

50%

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16
Q

Capillary walls can range from

A

Tight junctions to discontinuous

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17
Q

Glomerular capillaries in kidney have?

A

Filtration Slits (Fenestrations)

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18
Q

Only the protein that cannot cross capillary wall can exert?

A

Osmotic Pressure

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19
Q

What expresses how readily protein can cross capillary wall?

A

Reflection Coefficient

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20
Q

Reflection coefficient ranges between?

A

0 to 1

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21
Q

If reflection coefficient is 0, all colloid proteins freely cross wall, none are reflected therefore?

A

No colloid effect

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22
Q

If reflection coefficient is 1, all colloid proteins are reflected, none cross capillary wall, therefore?

A

Full Colloid Effect

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23
Q

What drains excess fluid from interstitial spaces?

A

Lymph Capillaries

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24
Q

No true lymphatic vessels are found where?

A

Superficial portions of skin
CNS
Endomysium of muscle and bones

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25
What drains the lower body and left side of head, left arm and part of chest as well as left leg?
Thoracic Duct
26
What drains the right side of the head, neck, right arm and part of the chest?
Right Lymph Duct
27
There are not true lymphatic vessels in the?
CNS
28
What contains CSF and communicates with subarachnoid space?
Perivascular Spaces
29
Plasma filtrate and escaped substances in perivascular spaces are returned to vascular system in the CSF via?
Arachnoid Villi
30
Arachnoid villi empty into?
Dural Venous Sinus
31
CNS-modified lymphatic function acts as a?
Functional Lymphatic System in CNS
32
Excess plasma filtrate resembles?
Interstitial fluid from tissues it drains
33
There is 3-5mg/dL of protein in?
Thoracic Duct
34
What organ has 6 mg/dL of protein?
Liver
35
Liver has leaky
Capillaries
36
2/3 of all lymph is from?
Liver and Intestines
37
Any factor that increases filtration and/or decreases reabsorption will?
Increase lymph formation
38
Thoracic duct forms lymph at?
100 ml/hr
39
Right Lymph duct forms lymph at?
20 ml/hr
40
Total lymph flow is?
120 ml/hr
41
Everyday a volume of lymph roughly equal to your entire plasma volume is?
FIltered
42
What are the functions of lymphatic?
1. Return lost protein to vascular system 2. Drain excess plasma filtrate from ISF space 3. Carry absorbed substance/nutrients from GI 4. Filter lymph at lymph nodes
43
What are a meshwork of sinuses lines with tissue macrophages (phagocytosis)?
Lymph Node
44
What created by the interaction of blood with the vascular wall?
Arterial Blood Pressure
45
Arterial blood pressure equals?
Volume of blood interacting with wall
46
Greater than half of total peripheral resistance is at the level of
Systemic arterioles
47
During systole the left ventricular output is greater than?
Peripheral Run-off
48
The total blood will rise and cause arterial BP to?
Increase to a peak (systolic BP)
49
The arteries are what during this time?
Distended
50
When the left ventricle is filling, the arteries are now recoiling which serves to?
Maintain perfusion to tissue beds
51
During diastole, total blood volume in the arterial tree is decreasing which causes?
Arterial BP to fall to a minimum value (diastolic BP)
52
Stretch and recoil of the arterial tree that normally occurs during the cardiac cycle is called?
Hydraulic Filtering
53
Hydraulic filtering converts an intermittent output by the heart to a steady delivery at the tissue beds and?
Saves the heart work
54
At the distensibility of the arterial tree decreases with age, hydraulic filtering in reduced and work load on the heart is?
Increased
55
The maximum pressure in the systemic arteries is called?
Systolic BP
56
With systolic BP, pressure peaks as blood is ejected from the?
Left Ventricle into the aorta
57
Inflow volume from left ventricle typically occurs at a faster rate than peripheral run-off out of the arterial tree during systole causing?
Arterial pressure to increase
58
The minimum pressure in the systemic arteries is called?
Diastolic BP
59
How low diastolic blood pressure falls is dependent on?
1. Cycle Length | 2. Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR)
60
Cycle length is inversely proportional to?
Diastolic BP (Increase CL decreases BP)
61
TPR is proportional to?
Diastolic BP (Increase TPR increases BP)
62
During exercise diastolic BP may not change much due to?
Decreased CL which is offset by decreased TPR
63
The mean arterial blood pressure is not arithmetical mean between?
Systole and Diastole
64
Mean arterial BP is equal to?
1/3 pulse pressure + diastolic BP
65
Most post ganglionic SNS terminals release?
Nor-epinepherine
66
The predominant receptor type is?
Alpha
67
Alpha response is constriction of?
Smooth Muscle
68
Constriction of arterioles reduce blood flow and helps raise?
Arterial BP
69
Constriction of arteries raise?
Arterial BP
70
Constriction of veins increases?
Venous return
71
SNS causes widespread vasoconstriction causing decrease in blood flow with what 3 exceptions?
1. Brain 2. Lungs 3. Heart
72
Brain and lung arterioles are weakly innervated by?
SNS
73
Direct vasoconstrictor effects by SNS induced increased in cardiac activity which causes?
Release of local vasodilators (Adenosine)

Physiology 3 Exam 2 (6 decks)

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