Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1. MSU-GSC > PART 2: HYDROMETEOROLOGY > Flashcards

PART 2: HYDROMETEOROLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

the water cycle on the earth consisting of a continuous movement of moisture over, through, and beneath the surface

A

hydrologic cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is varied form of moisture that occur in the atmosphere

A

precipitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

quite uniform precipitation with drop less than 0.5mm in diameter

A

drizzle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

water particles as large as 7mm in diameter

A

rain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

grouping of small ice crystals (snowflakes)

A

snow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

forms when raindrops are falling through air having a temperature below freezing

A

sleet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

accumulating thin layer of ice

A

hail stone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

water at the soil surface by direct condensation and absorption from the atmosphere

A

dew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

measures the depth and intensity of rain falling on a flat surface

A

raingage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vertical, cylindrical container with top openings 203 mm (8in) in diameter

A

raingage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

also known as a non-recording gage, has the same diameter at the rim as a standard non-recording rain gage

A

storage rain gage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

allows for continuous measurements of rainfall amounts, which then can be used to determine the time duration, intensity and amount of rainfall for each storm event

A

recording rain gage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

is used primarily for remotely measuring rainfall

A

tipping bucket rain gage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

generally should be located on a flat area, with the opening oriented so that the rainfall is measured in terms of depth that accumulates over a flat surface

A

rain gage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

recorded by individual rain gages in an area

A

arithmetic average

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

weighted method

A

thiessen method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

lines of equal rainfall

A

isohyetal method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

entry of water into the soil surface; has high initial rate that diminishes with time

A

infiltration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

size of the particles that make-up the soil

A

soil factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

surface sealing is reduced by vegetation and increases infiltration

A

vegetation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

a decay type function due to decrease in soil profile storage potential, washing of fine soil particles into the soil voids, and swelling of soil colloids and closing of soil cracks

A

horton equation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

transfer of liquid water into the atmosphere

A

evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

process through which water vapor passes into the atmosphere through the tissues of living plants

A

transpiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

consumptive use of crops

A

evapotranspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

recognizes the water moves away from evaporating and transpiring surface in response to turbulent gradient

A

mass transfer approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

total annual runoff output

A

water yield

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

total annual runoff output

A

water yield

28
Q

is a graphical or tabular representation of runoff rate against time

A

hydrograph

29
Q

time between the center of mass for a rainfall event and the peak streamflow rate

A

time to peak

30
Q

time between the center of mass for a rainfall event and the peak streamflow rate

A

time to peak

31
Q

preferred for measuring small watersheds, especially those in which the streamflows become quite low

A

weirs

32
Q

can be constructed from concrete treated wood, concrete blocks, and metals

A

weirs and flumes

33
Q

generally is a steel blade set into concrete

A

notch of a weir

34
Q

used in situations where sensitivity to low streamflows is not critical and where a sharp-crested weir might be damaged by sediment or other debris

A

broad-crested weir

35
Q

often used where accurate measurements of low streamflows are required

A

sharp-crested v-notch weir

36
Q

refers to the physical characteristics, dissolved chemical constituents, and bacteriological quality of water, with reference to a specific use

A

water quality

37
Q

found in both igneous and sedimentary rocks is leached readily into surface water and groundwater systems

A

sodium

38
Q

is a requirement for plant growth and is cycled by aquatic vegetation

A

potassium

39
Q

occurs naturally in water from the leaching of common igneous and sedimentary rocks

A

sulfur

40
Q

often are used to determine if water can be utilized for drinking, swimming, and other forms of human contact

A

bacteriological quality

41
Q

should not be used interchangeably with the word “standard” in water quality measures

A

criterion

42
Q

monitoring which is conducted to determine the effects of specific actions on water quality constituents

A

cause and effect monitoring

43
Q

monitoring undertaken to help a watershed manager if there are specific trends in water quality

A

baseline monitoring

44
Q

monitoring conducted to determine if specified water quality standards are being adhered to

A

compliance monitoring

45
Q

monitoring designed to indicate the existing water quality conditions

A

inventory monitoring

46
Q

the average conditions of weather patterns, over a period of years, as measured by rainfall…

A

climate

47
Q

a set of atmospheric conditions for a specified time

A

weather

48
Q

a measure of degree of hotness or coldness of the air

A

air temperature

49
Q

is mercury-filled and has a small constriction in the fine bore of the tube above the bulb

A

maximum thermometer

50
Q

alcohol-filled has a small glass index rod floating in the bore

A

minimum thermometer

51
Q

a continuous record of air temperatures frequently is an essential requirement in describing the climate of a region

A

thermograph

52
Q

is a ratio of the actual amount of water vapor in the air compared to the total amount of water vapor that is necessary for saturation

A

relative humidity

53
Q

used to measure relative humidity

A

psychrometer

54
Q

operate on the principle of cooling by evaporation

A

wet-and-bulb thermometers

55
Q

are instruments that measure and record the relative humidity on a continuous basis

A

hygrometers

56
Q

simultaneously and continuously measures and records the air temperature and RH

A

hyrgrothermograph

57
Q

the net loss of water from a surface surface by means of a change in the state of water from a liquid to a vapor

A

evaporation

58
Q

measurement of evaporation that is a technique widely used by plant ecologists

A

atmometer

59
Q

measures the transpiration rates of a plant often in employed by watershed managers

A

phytometer

60
Q

a direct measurement of actual evapotranspiration can be obtained by analyzing the water balance for a block of soil

A

lysimeter

61
Q

air in motion

A

wind

62
Q

instrument used to measure wind direction

A

wind vane

63
Q

refers to any instrument that measures radiation, regardless of the wavelength

A

radiometer

64
Q

____ if its flat receptor is sensitive to both hemispheres, and as a result, measures the radiant flux density between them

  • absorbs radiation of all wavelengths directed downward and upward
A

net radiometer

65
Q

is the amount of energy received on a unit surface in a unit of time

A

radiant flux density

66
Q

is equipped with a flat receptor that is open to only a hemisphere

A

total hemispherical radiometer

67
Q

consists of a glass globe that acts as a magnifying glass, focusing a beam of sunlight onto a special recording paper when the sunlight is sufficiently strong

A

sunshine duration

1. MSU-GSC (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions