PART 2: AQUA Flashcards
rearing and breeding of aquatic organisms on confined condition which is more or less controllable by am
aquaculture
uses freshwater supplied by spring, stream or river, rain, deep well or lake
freshwater aqua
uses combination of freshwater and seawater and is usually located in the mangrove areas where the river flows and mixes with the tidal water
brackishwatter
usually located in protected coastal areas and uses only seawater
mariculture
period of rising and falling of the water surface of the oceans, seas, bays, mouth of rivers, etc.
tidal phenomenon
published by the government by the bureau of coast and geodetic survey, this contains the compilation of tables of predicted time and height of high and low waters each day of the year
tide table
prediction for the specific area using the tidal differences and constants of the tide table
actual tide gauging
normal length of a step or stride of an individuak
pace
defined as the ratio of the measure distance and the number of paces made by an individual to cover the measured distance
pace factor
the angle that is referred from the north and south
bearing
a clockwise angle measured from a reference direction, usually north
azimuth
boundaries of the farm are plotted to scale and area is determined by planimeter
planimeter method
area is calculated from the coordinates of the farm
double-meridian distance method
are conducted on the farm site to detrrmine the nature of the ground relief of its characteristics
topographic surveys
provides the basic horizontal and vertical control in the planning and design of the fishpond
topographic map
is a complex of establishments consisting of ponds of various kinds, water control structures and supporting facilities
fish farm
is a section of fairly shallow water, used for the controlled farming of fish and other aquatic organisms and laid out in such a way that it may be easily and completely drained
pond
all the water course crosses the pond
barrage or terrace pond
only a part of the water course crosses the pond
diversion pond
the allowd water flow crosses all the ponds
linked ponds
each pond has its own individual water supply and outlet
parallel ponds
about 2 ft. (0.5-0.7m) deep; series of small ponds
nursery ponds
0.75-1.25 m depth;
rearing pond
is the arrangement of all the fish farm facilities and structures in a proposed site based on the physcial features of the area
effective farm layout
serves as the foundation of the structure and its elevation for main gates must be lower than the pond elevation
floor
broadened and extended part of the floor and also generally rests on the foundation piles
0.3
apron
are provided at both ends of the fate floor to prevent seepage and undercutting of water within the gate’s foundation
0.6m
cut-off walls
define the waterway in addition to their being retaining walls
side or breast walls
this is built against the side walls to support or reinforce it
buttress
provide the transition from the waterway into the main canal in addition to retaining the earth at both sides of the gate
wing walls
these are reinforce concrete slabs or thick wooden planks that connect the isde walls
bridges or catwalks
are generally wooden planks, 2.5-5 cm thick and 30 cm wide inserted into grooves
flashboards
usually made of bamboo strips or fine polyethylene meshes attached to a wooden rectangular frme that fit into the grooves
screens
these are vertical supports where wooden walls are nailed
pillars
these wooden members are held or fasten two or more pillars together in a place
braces
appropriate side slope of dike
1:1
starts from the main gate and usually traverses the central portion of the fish farm
main water supply canal
serves the portions where main canal cannot reach. it starts from the main canal and traverses the inner portion of the fishpond
secondary water supply canal
this is the canal that usually supplies water in the nursery and transition ponds
tertiary canal
the purpose of this canal is to protect the farm from being flooded with runoff water coming from the watershed
diversion canal
application of basic engineering principles and procedures to the design and construction of structures and systems for aquaculture
aquaculture engineering
the first and most important consideration in the suitability of a shrimp farm
water
a good water quality for shrimp pond should have a salinity of ____; pH range from _____; and a minimum level of DO of ___
10-25 ppt
7-8.5
5 ppm
configuration of the land surface
land topography
enclose the entire facility and render overall protection to the cultured stock as well as other related structures
perimeter dikes
define the size and limits of each grow out compartment
secondary or partition dikes
second most significant significant structure in an aquaculture farm; regulates water ingress and egress and are responsible for maintaining desired pond water depth
gates
gates located on the perimeter dike
main gates
gates located in the partition dikes amd are used to regulate water level in the pond compartments
secondary gates
open channels constructed on top of the dike equipped with gates to regulate flow of water into the various compartments in the farm
flumes
a critical process for intensive aquaculture systems, is the addition of oxygen or air-containing oxygen to water
aeration
take advantage of the energy released when water losses altitude to improve the air-water surface area
gravity aerators
are devices that break-up or agitate the water surface to attain large oxygen transfer rates
surface aerators
are devices that inject air oxygen into a body of water in the form of bubbles
diffuser aerators
consist of a propeller submerged in the liquid to be aerated
turbine aerators
the main canal starts from the main gate and traverses the central portion of the fishfarm
main canal
constructed in parts of the fishpond not reached by the main canal; bed width of 2 m
secondary supply canal
