part 10 Flashcards
What hormone is responsible for being an indicator of the viability of a foetus?
Oestriol
Failure to progress is indicated by…
<2cm dilatation in 4 hours
Indication for operative vaginal delivery?
Delay, foetal distress
Maternal cardiac disease, severe PET/ eclampsia, intrapartum haemorrhage, umbilical cord prolapse stage 2
Timeframe for prolonged duration in stage 2 prims vs multips with and without epidural, therefore indicating operative vaginal delivery
Primip: no epidural = >2hr, with epidural = >3hr
Multips: take an hr off (no epidural = >1h, with epidural = >2hr)
C-section must take place after how long after no response on cpr on mother?
4 minutes
Fasting glucose of what is suggestive of gestational diabetes?
> 5.1mmol/l
What is low birth weight (irrespective of gestational age)?
<2.5kg
when is the booking appointment? and what is done?
<12 weeks
- offer screening for anaemia, rhesus, hep. B, HIV, syphilis
- BMI, BP, Urine dipstick, Hx
When is Rh D checked and what is offered when?
28 + 34 weeks
If Rh -ve, anti-D is given
when is foetal lie checked?
36 weeks
when are the Ultrasounds done?
dating / nuchal translucency at 10-14wks;
foetal anomaly scan at 18-20wks
(anomalies identified - anencephaly, spina bifida, gastroschisis)
What is responsible for defensive responses to threatening stimuli?
Periaqueductal gray
What area is repsonsible for reward and motivation (also plays a role in avoidance and fear-conditioning)?
Ventral Tegmental area
which part of the brain is important for perception of fear and other emotions?
Amygdala
Tx of PTSD?
Traum CBT or EMDR
Paroxe
What is Autism spectrum disorder and it’s most common morbidity?
Social Interaction, Imagination, + Communication (SIIC)
Most common comorbidity = ADHD (Inattention, Hyperactivity, Impulsivity)
Management of Autism?
- NO medication intervention of core symptoms of autism
- Risperidone to manage severe aggression and significant self-injury
- Treat co-morbidities
When is the LH surge prior to ovulation?
24-36 hours
The fundus of the uterus is normally palpable by what date?
week 12
neurotransmitters involved in memory
Glutamate + ACh
What is Wernickes + Krosakoff
Thiamine deficiency
Confusion, ataxia, ophthalmoplegia
Amnesia, confusion, psychosis IRREVERSIBLE
Episodic vs semantic memory?
Episodic = personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place Semantic = general knowledge and facts about the world
1st rank (schneider) symptoms of SCZ?
Thought - interference + passivity
Hallucinations - 3rd person
Delusions - persistent + impossible
What is OCD and Tx?
recurrent obsessive ruminators (lists, rules etc)
contamination (40%) checking (30%)
CBT + ERP > SSRI > Clomipramine (TCA) [‘keeps it clean’]
The role of GABA (and hence benzodiazepines) once bound to its receptor is to allow what?
Passage of Cl- ions to produce hyperpolarisation (This makes it less likely that a neurone will fire an action potential.)
