part 1

Question 1

A patient with hypochromic anemia has splitting hair and loss of hair, increased nail brittle-ing and taste alteration. What is the mechanism of the development of these symptoms?

Answer 1

Deficiency of iron-containing enzymes

Question 2

A 27-year-old woman has dropped penicillin containing eye drops. In a few minutes there appeared feeling of itching, burning of the skin, lips and eyelids edema, whistling cough, decrease of BP. What immunoglobulins take part in the development of this allergic reaction?

Answer 2

IgE and IgG

Question 3

A person felt thirsty after staying under the conditions of hot weather for a long time. Signals of what receptors caused it first of all?

Answer 3

Osmoreceptors of hypothalamus

Question 4

Slime, blood and protozoa 30-200 microns long have been revealed in a man’s feces. The body is covered with cilia and has correct oval form with a little bit narrowed anterior and wide round shaped posterior end. At the anterior end a mouth is visible. In cytoplasm there are two nuclei and two short vacuoles. What are the described features typical for?

Answer 4

Balantidium

Question 5

A child has got galactosemia. Concentration of glucose in blood has not considerably changed. Deficiency of what enzyme caused this illness?

Answer 5

Galactose-1-phosphate uri-dyltransferase

Question 6

Synthesis of phospholipids is disturbed as a result fatty infiltration of liver. Indicate which of the following substances can enhance the process of methylation during phospholipids synthesis?

Answer 6

Methionine

Question 7

An individual is characterized by rounded face, broad forehead, a Mongolian type of eyelid fold, flattened nasal bridge, permanently open mouth, projecting lower lip, protruding tongue, short neck, flat hands, and stubby fingers. What diagnosis can be put to the patient?

Answer 7

Down’s syndrome

Question 8

A patient visited a dentist with complaints of redness and edema of his mouth mucous membrane in a month after dental prosthesis. The patient was diagnosed with allergic stomatitis. What type of allergic reaction by Gell and Cumbs underlies this disease?

Answer 8

Delayed type hypersensitivity

Question 9

A patient suffering from trombophlebitis of the deep crural veins suddenly died. Autopsy has shown freely lying red friable masses with dim crimped surface in the trunk and bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. What pathologic process was revealed by morbid anatomist?

Answer 9

Tromboembolism

Question 10

Decreased blood supply to the organs causes hypoxia that activates fibroblasts function. Volume of what elements is increased in this case?

Answer 10

Intercellular substance