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neuro final > parkinsonism > Flashcards

parkinsonism Flashcards

1
Q

Dopamine receptor 1A, 1B, 2, 3, 4. agonist

A

Levodopa

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2
Q

Levodopa is converted to dopamine by _____

A

aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase

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3
Q

Levodopa is converted to _______ by catechol-O-methyltransferase

A

3-O-methyldopa

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4
Q

Once levodopa is converted to dopamine, it is converted to sulfated or glucuronidated metabolites ______ or _______

A

epinephrine or homovanillic acid

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5
Q

levo dopa should be given with a ______ to avoid ______

A

peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor

anorexia and nausea and vomiting occur in about 80% of patients.

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6
Q

what other effects can Levodopa cause ?

A

cardiovascular effects and behavioral effects

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7
Q

Drug that may lower prolactin and interfere with lactation

A

Levodopa

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8
Q

is characterized by compulsive overuse of dopaminergic medication as well as by other impulsive behaviors

A

dopamine dysregulation syndrome

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9
Q

drug that can cause punding (OCD behaviors)

A

Levodopa

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10
Q

drug that can cause on-off phenomenon

A

levodopa

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11
Q

drug that inhibits aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (DDC) , and does not cross BBB

A

Carbidopa

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12
Q

drug that will prevent the metabolism of levodopa in the periphery but it will not have any activity on the generation of dopamine in the brain.

A

carbidopa

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13
Q

drug whose target is Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase antagonist

A

carbidopa and benserazide

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14
Q

drug that Blocks the extra-cerebral decarboxylation of levodopa. it does not cross the BBB

A

benserazide

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15
Q

benserazide is hydroxylated to trihydroxybenzylhydrazine in the _________ and ______ producing trihydroxybenzylhydrazine metabolite, that is a potent inhibitor of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase. This metabolite mainly ___________________

A

the intestinal mucosa and the liver

protects levodopa against decarboxylation to dopamine

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16
Q

Drug that is a selective, reversible catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitor, in peripheral tissues, altering the plasma pharmacokinetics of levodopa

A

Entacapone

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17
Q

Metabolism of entacapone

A

hepatic

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18
Q

drug that can cause - Orthostatic hypotension, severe rhabdomyolysis, and dyskinesia

A

entacapone

19
Q

drug whose target is - Catechol O-methyltransferase antagonist

A

Entacapone and Tolcapone

20
Q

drug that - inhibits the enzyme catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT)

A

Tolcapone

21
Q

metabolism of tolcapone

A

hepatic

22
Q

Drug that can cause Hepatotoxicity, dyskinesia, hallucinations, hyperkinesia, hypokinesia

A

tolcapone

23
Q

It is a non-ergot dopamine agonist drug

A

pramipexole and ropinirole

24
Q

Drug that - Cause stimulation of the dopamine receptors in the striatum of the brain and Shows specificity and strong activity at the D2 subfamily of dopamine receptors in vitro

A

pramipexole

25
Q

drug whose targets are Dopamine receptor 2, 3, 4 agonist
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A agonist
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor agonist

A

pramipexole

26
Q

drug that has the highest affinity at the D3 receptors, which are concentrated in the limbic areas of the brain.

A

ropinirole

27
Q

drug that can cause facial muscle movements, grogginess, increased jerkiness , disruption of implantation id taken before pregnancy, and adverse effects on embryo-fetal development, including teratogenicity.

A

ropinirole

28
Q

drug whose targets are - Dopamine receptor 2, 3, 4 agonist

Alpha adrenergic receptor antagonist

A

ropinirole

29
Q

drug that can cause an increase in testicular Leydig cell adenomas, increase in benign uterine endometrial polyps in rats.

A

ropinirole

30
Q

drug that is a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid derivative with potent dopaminergic activity.

A

Bromocriptine

31
Q

_______stimulates centrally-located dopaminergic receptors resulting in a number of pharmacologic effects.

A

Bromocriptine

32
Q

Drug whose targets are: Dopamine receptor 1A, 1B, 2, 3 agonist

Dopamine receptor 4 antagonist

5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A, 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2C, 7 agonist

Adrenergic receptor alpha-1A, alpha-1B agonist/antagonist

Adrenergic receptor alpha-1D, alpha-2A, alpha-2B agonist

A

Bromocriptine

33
Q
  • Symptoms of overdosage include nausea, vomiting, and severe hypotension
A

Bromocriptine

34
Q

A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase

A

SELEGILINE, RASAGILINE

35
Q
  • Selegiline binds to MAO-B within the nigrostriatal pathways in the central nervous system, thus blocking microsomal metabolism of dopamine and enhancing the dopaminergic activity in the substantial nigra.

at higher doses can also inhibit monozmine oxidase type A (MAO-A

A

SELEGILINE, RASAGILINE

36
Q

drug whose target Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B and A antagonist

A

SELEGILINE, RASAGILINE

37
Q

Drug that can cause vascular collapse, respiratory depression/ failure, and cool/clammy skin

A

SELEGILINE, RASAGILINE

38
Q

is a unique molecule with multiple mechanisms of action and a very high therapeutic index. It combines potent, selective, and reversible inhibition of MAO-B with blockade of voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels and inhibition of glutamate release

A

Safinamide

39
Q

parkinsonism drug whose target is not specific

A

Safinamide

40
Q

Drug that con cause insomnia, pyshcomotor agitation and hypertansion

A

Safinamide

41
Q

Adverse effects of amantadine

A 
Deaths from OD
CNS toxicity
cardiac dysfunction
renal dysfunction
Psychotic reactions 
seizures 
and hyperthermia
42
Q

is the d-isomer of the codeine analog of levorphanol

A

DEXTROMETHORPHAN

43
Q
  • is an opioid-like drug that binds to and acts as antagonist to the NMDA glutamatergic receptor, it is an agonist to the opioid sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, it is also an alpha3/beta4 nicotinic receptor antagonist and targets the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake pump
A

Safinamide
and
DEXTROMETHORPHAN

44
Q

drug whose targets are - Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 agonist

Mu-type, Delta-type, Kappa-type opioid receptor agonist

Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3 antagonist

Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter antagonist

sodium-dependent serotonin transporter antagonist

A

Safinamide
and
DEXTROMETHORPH

neuro final (12 decks)

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