antidepressants 2 Flashcards
Cognitive behavior therapy
and behavioral activation are alternatives to antidepressants when ?
major depression of mild to moderate severity
Psychological or behavioral treatment is not recommended as sole therapy when?
severe major depression
Class of drug that blocks the reuptake of serotonin at the serotonin reuptake pump of the neuronal membrane, enhancing the actions of serotonin on 5HT1A autoreceptors.
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Class of drugs that can cause abnormal vision; decreased libido; abnormal ejaculation; rash; sweating and withdrawal symptoms
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter inhibitor
Potassium voltage-gated channel inhibitor
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C antagonist
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2, alpha-3, beta-4 antagonist
Fluoxetine
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter inhibitor
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A antagonist
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subunit M-1, M-2, M-3, M-4, M-5 antagonist
Paroxetin
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter inhibitor
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter
Sigma receptor
Increase in uterine adenocarcinomas in animals’ models
Sertraline
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter inhibitor
Histamine receptor antagonist
Antagonism of muscarinic, histaminergic, and adrenergic receptors is thought to be associated with several anticholinergic, sedative, and cardiovascular effects of other psychotropic drugs
- Pregnancy category C, excreted in human milk.
Citalopram
Class of drugs that inhibits the membrane pump for re-uptake of transmitter amines, such as norepinephrine and serotonin, thereby increasing their concentration at the synaptic clefts of the brain
Tricyclic tertiary amines (TCAs)
Class of drugs that can cause: cardiac symptoms, convulsions dilated pupils, reduced body temp, stupor, coma
Tricyclic tertiary amines (TCAs)
and
Tricyclic secondary amines (TCAs)
drug that is not recommended during pregnancy, is excreted into breast milk, and causes chromosome abnormalities
Amitriptyline
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline and serotonin transporters inhibitor.
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A, 1C, 1D, 2A, 2C, 7 antagonist
Delta, Mu and kappa-type opioid receptors agonist
Nerve growth factor & BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor agonist
Adrenergic, Histamine, receptors antagonist
Potassium voltage gated channel antagonist
Amitriptyline
Drug that can cause severe hypotension, central nervous system depression, decreased the number of viable embryos, abnormal sperm and decrease the sperm motility
Doxepin
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline and serotonin transporters inhibitor.
Histamine receptor 1, 2 & 4 antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A, 2A, 2B, 2C, 6.
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, M2, M3, M4 & M5 antagonist.
Adrenergic receptor Alpha-1A, 1B & 1D antagonist.
Potassium voltage-gated channel
Doxepin
Drug that can cause anticholinergic activity (blurred vision, increased intraocular pressure, hyperthermia, constipation), o Central nervous system and neuromuscular effects ( drowsiness, lethargy, fatigue, agitation, hallucinations), effects on GI tract, increase in pancreatic enzymes, and black tongue
imipramine
Infants whose mothers were receiving _________ antidepressants prior to delivery have experienced cardiac problems, irritability, respiratory distress, muscle spasms, seizures, and urinary retention
tricyclic
Class of drug that selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) from the neuronal synapse. It also inhibits serotonin reuptake, but to a lesser extent compared to tertiary amine TCAs.
Tricyclic secondary amines (TCA)
Drug that can cause o Antimuscarinic activity (urine retention), cardiotoxicity, psychotoxic effects (induce manic episodes in bipolar)
Desipramine
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter antagonist
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A, 2A, 2C antagonist
Adrenergic receptor beta-1, beta-2 and alpha-1 antagonist
Histamine H1 receptor antagonist
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1, M2, M3, M4 & M5 antagonist
Desipramine
Drug that can cause toxic effects ( Cardiac dysrhythmias, severe hypotension, shock, congestive heart failure) and Adverse effects (hypotension, postural hypotension, hypertension, Heart failure)
Nortriptyline
class of drug that Inhibitions presynaptic uptake of catecholamines, thereby increasing their concentration at the synaptic clefts of the brain
Tetracyclic –> maprotiline
Class of drug that can cause muscular twitching and rigidity, tremor, ataxia, convulsions, vertigo, mydriasis shock, deep coma
Tetracyclic –> maprotiline
and
Unicyclic –> bupropion
Class of drug that that exerts its pharmacological effects by weakly inhibiting the enzymes involved in the uptake of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine from the synaptic cleft, therefore prolonging their duration of action within the neuronal synapse and the downstream effects of these neurotransmitters.
Unicyclic –> bupropion
class of drug that causes a Potentiation of neurotransmitter activity in the CNS. Inhibit the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine with a potency greater for the 5-HT than for the NE reuptake process.
Norepinephrine Serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (NSRI)