Parasitology Introduction

Question 1

Definition:
The study of relationships between organisms of different species (parasite vs host)

Answer 1

Parasitology

Question 2

Definition:
Describes the relationship between parasite and host

Answer 2

Symbiosis

Question 3

Type of symbiosis:
Both parasite and host benefit

Answer 3

Mutualism

Question 4

Type of symbiosis:
The parasite benefits while the host is unaffected

Answer 4

Commensalism

Question 5

Type of symbiosis:
The parasite benefits at the expense of the host

Answer 5

Parasitism

Question 6

Outcomes to parasitism (3)

Answer 6

-Host expels parasite
-Host destroys parasite (anti-parasitic medications)
-Parasite destroys host

Question 7

Type of parasite that lives within the host’s tissues

Answer 7

Endoparasite

Question 8

Type of parasite that lives on the host’s surface

Answer 8

Ectoparasite

Question 9

Free-living parasitic organism

Answer 9

Facultative parasite

Question 10

Parasite that must spend part or all of it’s life cycle in/on host

Answer 10

Obligate parasite

Question 11

What is an accidental parasite?

Answer 11

One that parasitizes an organism other than its usual host

Question 12

Definition:
Disease transmitted from an animal to a human

Answer 12

Zoonosis

Question 13

Type of host that harbors parasite during larval or asexual stage

Answer 13

Intermediate host

Question 14

Type of host that harbors parasite during adult or sexual stage

Answer 14

Definitive host

Question 15

All of the following have no intermediate host EXCEPT:
-Enterobius vermicularis
-Entamoeba histolytica
-Trypanosoma cruzi

Answer 15

Trypanosoma cruzi (has 1 intermediate host, the reduviid bug)

Question 16

Definition:
Not necessary for completion of parasite’s life cycle; temporary refuge until parasite reaches another host. (humans & dog roundworms)

Answer 16

Transport Host
aka
Paratenic host

Question 17

Definition:
Infected animals that serve as sources for infective organisms to humans (beavers & Giardia)

Answer 17

Reservoir Host

Question 18

What type of host keeps the parasite/organism alive & “sheds” it causing recurring infections in populations?

Answer 18

Reservoir host

Question 19

A fly transmitting an amoeba is an example of what type of vector?

Answer 19

Mechanical vector

Question 20

A mosquito transmitting Plasmodium species is an example of what type of vector?

Answer 20

Biological vector

Question 21

This vector type is essential for the life cycle of a parasite and is required for development or reproduction

Answer 21

Biological vector

Question 22

This vector type is accidental or non-essential for transmission of a parasite.

Answer 22

Mechanical vector

Question 23

Transmission methods (5)

Answer 23

-Direct contact
-Air
-Food or water
-Soil
-Fomite

Question 24

What is a fomite?

Answer 24

An inanimate object

Question 25

Common name for helminths

Answer 25

Worms

Question 26

What are the 3 forms/stages of helminths?

Answer 26

-Ova -Larva -Adult

Question 27

How are helminths classified?

Answer 27

By the shape of their body

Question 28

Common name for Nematodes

Answer 28

Roundworms

Question 29

Scientific name for worms

Answer 29

Helminths

Question 30

Scientific name for roundworms

Answer 30

Nematodes

Question 31

What body shape do roundworms have?

Answer 31

Non-segmented round body

Question 32

Scientific name for tapeworms

Answer 32

Cestodes

Question 33

Common name for cestodes

Answer 33

Tapeworms

Question 34

What body shape do tapeworms have?

Answer 34

Segmented body

Question 35

Common name for trematodes

Answer 35

Flatworms or Flukes

Question 36

Scientific name for flatworms or flukes

Answer 36

Trematodes

Question 37

What body shape do flatworms or fluke have?

Answer 37

Non-segmented flat bodies

Question 38

What type of parasite has 3 forms?

Answer 38

Helminths

Question 39

What type of parasite is a single-celled organism?

Answer 39

Protozoa

Question 40

How many forms do protozoa have?

Answer 40

2 -Trophozoite -Cyst

Question 41

How are protozoa classified?

Answer 41

By means of movement

Question 42

Which protozoa move by means of pseudopodia?

Answer 42

Amoebae

Question 43

Amoebae move by what means?

Answer 43

Pseudopodia

Question 44

Which protozoa move by means of cilia?

Answer 44

Ciliates

Question 45

Ciliates move by what means?

Answer 45

Cilia

Question 46

Which protozoa move by means of flagella?

Answer 46

Flagellates

Question 47

Flagellates move by what means?

Answer 47

Flagella

Question 48

Which protozoa have no organelles for movement?

Answer 48

Sporozoa

Question 49

What is the life cycle for arthropods?

Answer 49

Metamorphosis

Question 50

Common name for arthropods

Answer 50

Bugs

Question 51

Scientific name for bugs

Answer 51

Arthropods

Question 52

How are arthropods classified?

Answer 52

Number of legs

Question 53

Which type of arthropod? -6 legs -antennae -3 body segments -wings

Answer 53

Insects

Question 54

Which type of arthropod? -8 legs -no wings -2 body segments

Answer 54

Arachnids