Parasitology --> Exam 1 Lecture 4

Question 1

Regarding filth flies, what species does this involve

Answer 1

• **Musca ** domestica –> house fly
• **Musca ** autmnalis –> face fly
• Fannia scalris - latrine fly

Question 2

Discuss the life cycle and effects on host, clinical signs, and diagnosis for filth flies

Answer 2

Effects on host:
- Adults feed on secretions from eyes, nose, mouth (annoys cattle and horses and distracts from feed intake); disease transmision

Question 3

Discuss filth flies: disease transmission (the basics)

Answer 3

• Mechanical transmission from the filth and betwen animals ot mucous membranes and feed

sticky feet –> bacteria, helminths

Question 4

Discuss Filth flies: Mechanical Bacteria Transmission

Answer 4

**Pink eye ** caused by bacterium Moraxella bovis

causes corneal ulceration and conjunctivitis - pain, blepharospasm, ocular discharge, redness, swelling

Question 5

Discuss filth flies: biological helminth transmission

also discuss Adult flies infected with these nematodes

Answer 5

Mucosa vectors horse stomach worms drachia and Habronema

Question 6

Discuss the horse part of filth flies: biological helmonth transmission

Answer 6

Question 7

Discuss summer sores in relation to filth flies

and what is the proper name fo rthid worm

Answer 7

Summer sores:
- **Draschia/habronema larvae ** migrate in wound as long as it is moist
- Pruritis and inflammatory reaction to migrating larva > non healing store
- If in the eye, laervae will cause conjunctivitis, sometimes leading to ulceration

Thelazia sp –> the eye worm

Question 8

Discuss filth flies in terms of prevention and control

Answer 8

• Clean poop out regularly
• mechanically prevent flies from contacting animals

Prevention and control: insecticides
- directly applied to/on animals –> pyrethrins, organophosphates, macrocyclic lactones

• **in feed –> insect growth regulatoprs (methoprene)
• Fly baits

Question 9

What are all of the different biting flies?

Answer 9

• Haematobia –> horn fly
• Stomoxys –> stable fly
• Tabenus –> horse fly
• Melophagus –> sheep ked
• Mosquitoes __> culex, Aedes, Anopheles
• Culicoides –> biting midges
• Simulium –> blackflies

Question 10

What is the proper name of the horn fly (biting flies)

Answer 10

• Haematobia )Horn fly)
• this is a tiny fly that likes to live on the backs of cattle

Question 11

Discuss disease transmission for the biting fly known as the horny fly

Answer 11

Effects on host: anemai –> tiny, but numeroius

• Biologically transmists stephanofilaria worm
• the worm lives in the subcutis on the ventral midline of the cattle > dermatitiss

Question 12

Discuss the prevention and control for the biting fly knonw as the horny fly

Answer 12

• clean up or spread out feces to control immature stages –> eggs need moist feces to hatcj
• insecticides to control adult flies: directly applied to/on animals
• pyrethrins; organophosphates; macrocyclic lactones

in feed –> insect growth regulators (methoprene)

Question 13

Regarding biting flies, discuss the stable fly (its life cycle and proper name)

Answer 13

• Fly likes to live on the klegs of catle
• ## Stomoxys (the stable fly)

Question 14

Discuss the diagnosis and mointoring for the stable fly

Answer 14

• The flies **do NOT stay on the host ** and can fly great distances
• MOnitor stomoxys population by counting flies on the front legs of the cattle: more than 10 indicates a productive breeding area nearby

Question 15

Discuss the effects on host and the prevention and control for the stable fly

Answer 15

• irritation –> excessive foot stomping
• anemia
• disase transmission: Draschia/habronema summer sores