Parasitology Flashcards
GI protozoal infection with cysts with multiple nuclei in the stool
entamoeba histolytica
GI protozoal infection with trophozoites in stool
giardia lamblia
treatment for giardia lamblia asymptomatic cyst passers
paromomycin
presentation of congenital toxoplasmosis
classic triad of;
- chorioretinitis
- hydrocephalus
- intracranial calcifications
transmission of toxoplasmosis
cysts in meat
oocytes in cat faeces
crosses placenta
treatment for toxoplasmosis
sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
features of naegleria fowleri
rapidly progressive meningoencephalitis
transmission - swimming in fresh warm waters, enters CNS through olfactory nerve via cribiform plate
diagnosis - amoeba in CSF
treatment - amphoreicin b has been effective in a few survivors
features of trypanosoma brucei infection
African sleeping sickness
- enlarged lymph nodes, recurring fever, somnolence, coma
transmission - tsetse fly, painful bite
treatment - suramin for blood borne disease or melarsoprol for CNS penetration
(i sure am mellow when sleeping)
treatment african sleeping sickness
suramin for blood borne disease
melarsoprol for CNS penetration
transmission of african sleeping sickness
tsetse tick, painful bite
causative organism of babesiosis
babesia
presentation of babesiosis
fever and haemolytic anaemia
asplenia increases risk of severe disease due to inability to clear infected RBC’s
maltese cross on PCR
babesiosis
transmission vector for babesia
ixodes tick
predominantly in northeastern and north central USA
transmission of chagas disease
Triatomine insect bites and defecates around the mouth or eyes
trypomastigote in blood smear
trypanosoma cruzi (chaga’s disease)
features of chagas disease
caused by trypanosoma cruzi
dilated cardiomyopathy, dilated megacolon, megaesophagus
predominantly south america
unilateral periorbital swelling characteristic of acute stage
transmission leishmaniasis
sandfly
macrophages containing amastigotes
leishmaniasis
featurs of leishmaniasis infection
cutaneous - skin ulcers
visceral - pancytopenia, fevers, hepatosplenomegaly
treatment for pediculus humanus
lice
pyrethinoids, malathion, ivermectin lotion
parasite causing biliary tract disease and cholangiocarcinoma
clonorchis sinensis
parasite causing brain cysts and seizures
taenia solium (neurocysticercosis)
parasite causing haematuria and SCC bladder
schistosoma haematobium
parasite transmitted by infected dogs, causing liver cysts
echinococcus granulosus
parasite causing iron deficiency anamia
ancylostoma, necator
parasite causing myalgias and peri-orbital oedemma
trichinella spiralis
parasite causing nocturnal perianal pruritus
enterobius
parasite causing portal hypertension
schistosoma manisoni, schistosoma japonicum
parasite causing vitamin B12 deficiency
diphyllobothrium latum
pruritic skin, liver and lung lesions and eosinophillia
visceral larva migrans
non-specific respiratory symptoms and eosinophillia
histoplasmosis
eosinophilia and peripheral lymphadema
lymphatic filariasis - wuchereria bancrofti
latency in mononuclear cells
CMV pneumonitis
double stranded enveloped linear DNA
cysts with bradyzoites
toxoplasmosis
what vaccine causes antibody production against the polyribosylribitol phosphate type B capsule
h. influenzae type B (epiglottisis)
chronic pain, fever, abdominal pain, hypoechoic mass in liver and eosinophillia
hydatid cyst caused by E.granulosus (encysted tapeworm)
differs from amoebe E.histolytica due to its chronic nature
E.histolytica vs E.granulosus
both cause hepatic cysts/abscess
E.histolytica = amoebe, lymphocytosis, abscess
E. granulosus = encysted tapeworm, hydatid liver cyst, eosinophillia
