Parasitic Infections Flashcards
Three main classes of parasites
*Protozoa
*Helminths
*Ectoparasites
Three most common parasites in U.S.
. Giardia
. Toxoplasmosis
. Enterobiasis (pinworm)
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of mild-moderate amebiasis?
Metronidazole 500-750mg TID with food for 7-10 days (alt. Tinidazole)
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of asymptomatic amebiasis?
Paramomycin 25-35mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses for 5-10 days
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of trichomoniasis in pregnant patients?
Metronidazole 500 mg PO BID for 7 days
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of giardia?
Nitazoxanide 500 mg PO BID for 3 days
CJ is a 22-year-old male who returned from a trip, to several countries across South America, 3 weeks ago. He reports having mild abdominal pain and diarrhea since his return. Given the persistence of symptoms, an infectious work-up was initiated and the patient was noted to have a positive antigen test for Entamoeba histolytica. Which of the following the most appropriate management strategy?
a. No treatment required as the patient only has mild symptoms
b. Give Paromomycin 250 mg Daily for 7 days
c. Give Metronidazole 500 mg PO TID for 7 days
d. Give Metronidazole 750 mg PO TID for 3 days
c. Give Metronidazole 500 mg PO TID for 7 days
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of hookworms?
Albendazole 400 mg PO once
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of roundworms?
Albendazole 400mg PO BID for 5 days (alt. Mebendazole 200mg PO BID for 5 days)
A patient presents to the pharmacy to pick up a prescription for albendazole for treatment of a hookworm infection. The patient is visually anxious about her diagnosis and is concerned because she cannot remember how her doctor told her to take the medication. Which of the following counseling points are appropriate for albendazole for hookworm infection?
a. A single dose of albendazole is sufficient to treat hookworm infection
b. This medication should be taken with food
c. Common side effects include headache, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting
d. All of the Above
d. All of the Above
Where do mosquito sporozoites infect the body during malaria transmission?
Liver
What is the preferred agent for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated malaria?
. Coartem (arthemether-lumefantrine)
What is artesunate used to treat?
Severe malaria. IV formulation
True or false: Chloroquine can be used for prophylaxis and treatment of malaria
True
True or false: Malaria treatment should not be initiated until the diagnosis has been established by laboratory testing
True
