Invasive Fungal Infections

Question 1

Difference between endemic and opportunistic infections

Answer 1

Endemic - not part of normal human flora
Opportunistic - part of normal human flora

Question 2

Amphotericin B spectrum

Answer 2

Yeast: Candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, candida glabrata, cryptococcus neoformans

Molds: Aspergillus fumigatis, mucorales, fusarium species

Dimorphic: Histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis

Question 3

Fluconazole spectrum

Answer 3

Yeast: Candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida glabrata*, cryptococcus neoformans

Molds: None

Dimorphic: Histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis

Question 4

Itraconazole and voriconazole spectrum

Answer 4

Yeast: Candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, candida glabrata*, cryptococcus neoformans

Molds: Aspergillus fumigatis, aspergillus terreus, fusarium species*

Dimorphic: Histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis

Question 5

Posaconazole spectrum

Answer 5

Yeast: Candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, candida glabrata*, cryptococcus neoformans

Molds: Aspergillus fumigatis, aspergillus terreus, mucorales, fusarium species

Dimorphic: Histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis

Question 6

Echinocandins spectrum

Answer 6

Yeast: Candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, candida glabrata

Molds: Aspergillus fumigatis, aspergillus terreus, mucorales

Question 7

True or false: Candidiasis and aspergillosis are endemic infections

Answer 7

False. They are opportunistic

Question 8

First line empiric candidiasis therapy and alternatives

Answer 8

. Echinocandins
. Alternatives: Azoles, Amphotericin B

Question 9

Duration of treatment for candidemia

Answer 9

14 days from negative blood cultures and symptom resolve

Question 10

First line therapy for aspergillosis

Answer 10

Voriconazole

Question 11

Second line/salvage therapies for aspergillosis

Answer 11

. Amphotericin B
. Isavuconazole
. Echinocandins
. Posaconazole
. Itraconazole

Question 12

Duration of therapy for aspergiloosis

Answer 12

6-12 weeks