Parasitic causes of derm issues Flashcards
Know what orgs under microscope look like**
What are the types of demodex in cats (2)?
Demdex cati and demodex gatoi
What is the only common demodex?
Demodex canis
Localized vs generalized demodex in dogs:**
localized- mild, nonpruritic patchy alopecia, comedones, mild inflammation on head, limbs, trunk
Generalized will have large coalescing areas of affected skin, on entire body and paws, moderate to severe erythema, pruritis, papules, pigment, pedal demodicosis, secondary bacterial pyoderma
How can we tx mange in dogs?
Localized- 1% rotenone, Benzoyl peroxide, NO STEROIDS
Generalized- miticide, underlying disorders, abx, spay, clip hair, benzoyl peroxide, Amitraz dip, Isoxazolines
Pathogenesis of how demodex causes pathogenesis?
Overgrowth of mites causes disease
- young dogs will cell mediated immune def or genetic component predisposed
older dogs with immunocomp from disease or immunosuppressed in older animals
juvenile onset of demodex has ____ _____
spontaneous resolution
demodex lesions over the dog’s body:
Head, limbs, trunk
CS of dogs with Generalized demodex
large coalescing areas of affected skin, moderate to severe erythema, pruritus, papules, pigment changes. Pedal demodicosis, secondary bacterial pyoderma
How can we diagnose demodex in dogs and cats?
DEEP skin scrape with blood and mineral oil, dull blade
pluck hairs for trichogram
skin biopsy is not common and is last resort
What is a great tx that works early on with demodex?
Fluralaner (Bravecto)
Cat tx of demodex:
no approved products, lime sulfur dip, Amitraz rinses, topical moxidectin/imidacloprid (advantage multi), Bravecto
When is p considered cured from the demodex after treatment?
Tx for 30 days after the second negative skin scrape
Considered cured only after last neg deep skin scrape 1 year later
Dogs with generalized demodicosis and their parents should not be bred. T/F.
True!!!
Is demodex canis zoonotic?
No, only Demodex gatoi is
A newly adopted puppy has a small area of mild, non pruritic patchy alopecia but otherwise n= what do you tell the owner?
tell owner it’s a localized case and will resolve on its own
Is scabies zoonotic??
Yes!!
itchy and burrow into the skin, very itchy with long skinny legs and suction cups at end of legs=
scabies
“canine mange mite” aka “itch mite” aka ???? ???
Sarcoptes scabiei
Scabies is super common in what animal?
Dogs- very common
Scabies is very contagious through …
direct contact, its an immediate fomite
Potential reservoirs for scabies:
Red fox and coyote
Dogs lesion distribution with sarcoptes-
Ear margins, lateral elbows, lateral hocks, flanks and ventrum
Pedal pinneal reflex=
sarcoptes sabeiei
A dog comes in with seborrhea, hyperkeratosis, pruritic, self mutilation, what does it likely have??
Sarcoptes scabiei
diagnosis of sarcoptes scabiei
Can be hard to find, can treat based on lesions, deep skin scrape with mineral oil, scrape needs to be full thickness epidermis with blood
Without mites on skin scrape but CS and cocci and rods on slide, what do we do??
Give miticide to kill the sarcoptes
Tx for sarcoptes scabiei
Revolution, Advantage multi- on label
Off label- Ivermectin, Oral isoxazolines
What is the gold standard tx for sarcopes scabiei
Oral isoxazolines like nexguard and credelio
What does sarcoptes cause in humans?
Rash, not horrible, self limiting because not a natural host so cannot reproduce
Are ear mites contagious?
Yes!!
Should you tx alllll household pets if one pet has ear mites?
yup.
TX of otodectes cynotis (isk if i have to know this)
Selamectin (revolution), Moxidectin (Advantage multi), Ivermectin or Milbemite directly to ear
are ear mites zoonotic?
Rarely, yes
Pulicosis aka _____
fleas
What is the most common ectoparasite in DOGS AND CATS??
Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea)
Adult fleas survive __-__ months
2-3 months
Are fleas zoonotic?
Yessss
C. felis can transmit what zoonotic diseases???
Bartonella (cat scratch fever), Dypylidium caninum (tapeworms in kids), Acanthoceilonema reconditum, mycoplasma, Yersinia pestis
Scabies have cups on arms but Cheyletiella have…
hooks at the end of arms
Cheyletiella species are relatively uncommon, rare in cats and are ____ and ____
contagious and motile
Cheyletiella aka ____ ____ mites clasp onto hair and are very superficial
Walking dandruff
Cheyletiella is most common in what groups? How are the transmitted?
Puppies and breeding facilities; transmitted via contagious mobility of the mite via direct contact
Is cheyetiella zoonotic?
Yes
Is cheyetiella zoonotic?
Yes
Mild, nonpruritic patchy alopecia, comedones, mild inflammation =
Localized demodex
Juvenile onset =
Spontaneous resolution
Tx of localized demodex:
- 1% rotenone (Goodwinol ointment)
- Benzoyl peroxide (Pyoben Gel®)
- No steroids!
Is demodex zoonotic?
No
Is Demodex contagious?
Only D. gatoi
