Otitis in the canine and feline patient

Question 1

otitis externa is where to where?

Answer 1

right before TM (not including) and outward

Question 2

Otitis media is where to where?

Answer 2

TM inward towards the bulla and can involve the cochlea, involves neuro and goes toward the brain

Question 3

_____ ear has numerous holes in the cartilage which are transversed by the branches of the _____ _____ artery

Answer 3

external; caudal auricular artery

Question 4

TM, tympanic cavity and bulla, auditory vesicles and tube=

Answer 4

Middle ear

Question 5

Cochlea, vestibule (saccules), semi circular canals and hearing balance function=

Answer 5

inner ear

Question 6

N epithelium will be pale with no vessels seen. T/F

Answer 6

False!! Will be light pink with superficial blood vessels and small amounts of cerumen (wax)

Question 7

What is the most common rod seen in the ear?

Answer 7

Pseudomonas (GN rod)

Question 8

Ear discharge is white and thick, what is it most likely?

Answer 8

Candida

Question 9

Ear has exudate that is dark brown, waxy, ears are itchy and has fruity smell=

Answer 9

Yeast

Question 10

Ear exudate is yellow, purulent, itchy=

Answer 10

Staph or strep spp.

Question 11

What is the normal amount of bacteria and yeast to be found in the cytology for a normal dog ear?

Answer 11

Bacterial less than 4-5/HPR

Yeast less than 2/HPF

Question 12

How much WBC is considered n to be found in ear?

Answer 12

NONEEEE, any amounts of WBC in ear cytology is NOT normal and strongly suggests that any bacteria seen are pathogen and NOT normal resident bacteria!!!!

Question 13

What should we premed with 10-14 days prior to otoscopy?

Answer 13

Glucocorticoids

Question 14

Collection of cytology specimen and samples for C&S via hole through TM that we made is called…

Answer 14

Myringotomy

Question 15

Primary causes vs secondary causes of ear infection–>

Answer 15

Primary- creates disease in n ear (derm dz, allergies, ectoparasites, FB, immune dz, endocrine dz, viral (distemper))
Secondary- induce and contribute to otitis in an abn ear (bacteria, yeast, over cleaning the ear, drug rxns)

Question 16

What are some predisposing factors of ear infections?

Answer 16

Present prior to development of ear dz (conformation, excessive moisture, proliferative growths, neoplasia)

Question 17

What are some perpetuating factors of ear infections??

Answer 17

Exacerbate and maintains infection, hyperplasmic changers, otitis media, cartilage calcification, Tympanum rupture

Question 18

TM rupture will have what kind of debris??

Answer 18

Mucopurulent

Question 19

What does ototoxicity of applied drugs generally require?

Answer 19

Perforated TM, deposition of medication within the middle ear thus damaging the cochlear or vestibular membranes

Question 20

What are the CS of ototoxicity??

Answer 20

Hear loss and vestibular signs

Question 21

What are some ingredients causing ototoxicity???

Answer 21

Chlorhexidine, aminoglycosides, propylene glycol, alcohols, polymyxin

Question 22

____ causes create diseases in the abnormal ear

Answer 22

secondary

Question 23

What prevents resolution of disease (a factor)

Answer 23

Perpetuating factors

Question 24

What is an aural hematoma by definition?

Answer 24

Fx of the cartilage plate of the pina causing hematoma formation within the layers of cartilage

Question 25

When to do suture X after ear hematoma?

Answer 25

21 days