Derm Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is the word for itching, must be able to spell-
PRURITUS (measured on a scale from 1 to 10- 10 being severe!)
Bilateral symmetric lesions are usually due to:
Internal disorders (endocrine), autoimmune disorders (Pemphigus foliaceus), allergies
Asymmetric lesions are usually due to
parasites, contact allergens, neoplasia, infections
Initial eruptions that develop spontaneously as a direct reflection of underlying disease is called…
Primary lesion
Primary lesions often appear quickly and disappear rapidly, leaving a _____ ___
secondary lesion
What are the papule differentials**
Folliculitis including:
- Demodicosis (Demodex canis)- scrape
- Dermatophytosis- pluck, ringworm
- Bacterial- smear
Papules are usually associated with _____
follicles
papule vs plaque
papule is a small, solid elevation of the skin up to 1 cm in diameter, can be palpated
Plaque is a larger- flat topped elevation formed by extension or coalition of papules
Define pustule:
A small, circumscribed elevation of the epidermis that is filled with pus, can be yellow, green, red. can be follicular, intraepidermal or subcorneal
“acne”
If it ruptures and leaves a crust- secondary lesion
Most common bacterial skin lesion is…
Staphylococcus pseudointermedius
What is the most common sterile pustule?
Pemphigus foliaceus
Macule vs. patch-
Macule is well circumscribed flat area of COLOR CHANGE at less than 1 cm, patch is the same but more than 1 cm
How is vesicle different than bulla?
Vesicle is small and bulla is big
what is a sharply circumscribed elevation of epidermis filled with clear fluid and less than 1 cm? What about if its more than 1 cm?
vesicle; bulla
Circumscribed solid elevation greater than 1 cm that is usually extended into deeper layers of skin and is inflamm or neoplastic is called a _____
nodule
What is the term for an epithelium lined cavity containing fluid or solid material that is smooth, well-circumscribed fluctuant to solid mass usually originating from hair follicles or other structures in the skin???
Cyst
Partial hair loss is called ____
Hypotrichosis
Scale is accumulation of cornified cells (____ _____) aka dandruff that can be primary or secondary
stratum corneum
are crusts adhered to skin?
yes , because if not adhered then they are called scales
What are follicular casts?
Accumulation of keratin and follicular material that adheres to the hair shaft and extends above the follicular ostia
Inflammation of sebaceous gland– keratin hair follicles accumulate– ______ ___-
follicular cast
Comedone or Comedo
Dilated hair follicle filled with cornified cells and sebaceous material
“Black head”
Primary comdeone aka
feline chin acne
Secondary comedone aka
Demodicosis, hypercortisolemia
What are two common reasons for comdeones in dogs?
Cushings or on steroids (increased steroids in system) or demodex
immune mediated destruction of melanocytes is what type of change in pigmentation?
primary- vitiligo
Define:
- Leukotrichia
- melanotrichia-
- Aurotrichia-
- leukotrichia- lack of pigment in the hair
- melanotrichia- excess pigment in the hair
- Aurotrichia- gold color change to the hair
What is a special type of scale arranged in a circular rim of loose keratin flakes or peeling keratin
epidermal collarette
what is the pathophys of an epidermal collarette?
Remnant of roof of a vesicle, bulla, pustule, papule, or hyperkeratosis caused by inflammation
number one differential for epidermal collarette is…
immune mediated
difference between lichenification and hyperkeratosis:
Thickening and hardening of skin, exaggeration of superficial skin markings (usually hyperpigmented) and hyperkeratosis is increased thickness of stratum corneum and usually on nose and paw pads
Erosion caused by self trauma is called
Excoriation
Erosion vs ulcer
Erosion is more shallow than ulcer
