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SAMS 2 exam 3 wound and skin stuff > Autoimmune And Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases > Flashcards

Autoimmune And Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 examples of autoimmune skin diseases?

A

Pemphigus complex, discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), Bullous pemphigoid

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2
Q

Antigen becoming foreign to the body is an example of ____ ______ reaction

A

immune mediated

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3
Q

Hallmark of ___ disease is acantholysis

A

pemphigus

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4
Q

what is the definition of acantholysis?

A

breakdown of epidermal intercellular adhesion-> separated keratinocytes

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5
Q

What is the major autoantigen in pemphigus foliaceus?

A 
Desmocollin 1 (Dsc 1)- major  and
 Desmoglein 1 (Dsg 1) - minor
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6
Q

What form of pemphigus is most common?

A

Pemphigus foliaceus

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7
Q

Signalment for PF

A

Middle aged to older dogs, more than 1 year old Chows, Akitas, cockers, dauschund, labs, bullies

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8
Q

Idiopathic PF

A

Drug induced from cats with Cimetidine, itraconazole, lime sulfur
dogs with amitraz

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9
Q

CS of Pemphigus foliceous

A

 Pustules – spanning multiple follicles
 Papular dermatitis
 Crusts
All lesions usually bilateral on head, face, ears, footpads

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10
Q

What is the timing of progression of PF?

A

Disease development is rapid (1 to 2 w) or insidious (1 to 2 or more months)

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11
Q

Cats with PF:

A

similar to dogs but have crusty claw fold (paronychia) lesions and lesions around the teats

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12
Q

Diagnosis of PF and TX

A

Cytology of pustules or underneath the crusts, confirmed via histo with subcorneal pustule with acantholytic cells
TX is pred/steroids =, frequent rechecks

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13
Q

What is a med for dogs with PF BUT NOT CATS?

A

Azathioprine

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14
Q

Why do we need several rechecks with a patient with PF on tx?

A

to determine when to taper and to determine need to add other medications

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15
Q

What disease is a crossover between PF and DLE?

A

Pemphigus erythematosus where there is crusts on the face and depigmentation of nose

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16
Q

What disease is more severe but less common than PF and causes vesiculobullous lesions with oral and mucocutaneous lesions, some claw bed sloughing, and febrile, depressed, anorexic patient?

A

pemphigus vulgaris

17
Q

on histo, we see suprabasilar intraepidermal cleft with basal cells. What is the disease?

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

18
Q

What is a benign*** disease without systemic signs that causes lesions on the face and ears EXACERBATED BY UV LIGHT???

A

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus aka Cutaneous LE

19
Q

Lesions of Discoid Lupus Erythematosus aka Cutaneous LE begin where?

A

The junction of the haired skin and nasal planum and extend up the nose

20
Q

Erythema Mulitforme (EM) vs. Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)

A
  • Both = terms used for patterns diagnosed on histopathology with certain clinical features (lesions on skin)
  • Triggered by something,are immune mediated
  • Has to be figured out clinically – commonly linked to cutaneous drug reactions
21
Q

What disease is not common in dogs nor cats and is often linked to drugs (TMS, Pen, cephalosporins)???

A

Erythema multiforme (EM)

22
Q

Distribution of lesions for Erythema multiforme (EM):

A

Ventrum – axillary, inguinal
MC junctions & oral cavity
Pinnae
Footpads

23
Q

Severe or acute/peracute disease with vesicles turning to ulcers and full thickness necrosis of the epidermis is what disease?

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)

24
Q

Bullous pemphigoid involves antigbodies (IgG) against the ____ _____ causing dermo-epidermal separation and oral ulcers + vesicles, bullae

A

basement membrane

25
Q

Histopath showing dermoepidermal clefts often with inflamm. cells =

A

Bullous pemphigoid

26
Q

? has more severe and deeper lesions than ? which has pustules erupting to crusts

A

Pemphigus vulgaris; pemphigus folicaeous

27
Q

What is the most common Autoimmune skin disease in dogs/cats?

A

PF

28
Q

Acantholytic cells on cytology of pustules is highly suggestive of….

A

PF

29
Q

should you scrub crusts before histo sample?

A

No, just clip hair

30
Q

Depigmentation of nasal planum plus some erosions and ulcers of the nasal planum=

A

PE (pemphigus erythematosus)

31
Q

Tx of DLE

A

Vit E, FA, doxy, topical steroids

32
Q

Which two diseases are immune mediated where the antigen is foreign to the body?

A

Erythema multiforme and toxic epidermal necrolysis

33
Q

Erythema multiforme and toxic epidermal necrolysis are terms that both mean what?

A

Patterns diagnosed on histopath with certain clinical features (lesions on the skin), triggered by something, and linked to cutaneous drug rxns (TMS, Pen, Cephalosporins)

34
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis tx

A

Discontinue Cephalosporin, TMS, or penicillin, fluids, abx, and steroids

35
Q

What are the two autoimmune disorders?

A

Pemphigus complex and DLE

36
Q

What are the two immune mediated disorders?

A

Erythema multiforme and toxic epidermal necrolysis

SAMS 2 exam 3 wound and skin stuff (12 decks)

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