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Animal Science 380 > Parasites > Flashcards

Parasites Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Examples of roundworms

A

Nematodes

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2
Q

Example of flatworms

A

Cestodes(tapeworm)

Trematodes (flukes)

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3
Q

Typical Nematode DIRECT life cycle

A

Egg-l1-l2-l3-immature-mature-repro product

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4
Q

How helminths differ from other pathogens

A

Parasitic infections are not contagious

Disease is associated with quantitative exposture

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5
Q

Host site specificity

A

Most adult helminths occupy organs with a direct connection to the external environment (GI tract, pulmonary, urinary)

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6
Q

Adaptations to unfavorable environments

A

Some parasites have extremely persistent infective stages
Some use vertical transmission and skip environment
Some can transmit infections through paratenic hosts
Some use arrested development

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7
Q

Examples of nematode life cycles and transmission strategies

A

Canine whip worm
Feline roundworm
Canine roundworm
Canine hook worm

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8
Q

Trichuris vulpis: canine whipworm: where is it?

A

Cecum and large intestine

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9
Q

Trichuris vulpis: canine whipworm: clinical signs

A

Bloody diarrhea, weight loss

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10
Q

Toxocara cati: feline roundworm: where is it

A

Small intestine

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11
Q

Toxocara cati (feline roundworm):infective stage

A

Larvated egg

VISERCAL larva migrans in humans

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12
Q

Toxocara cati (feline roundworm): clinical signs

A

Weight loss
Distended abdomen
Poor growth

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13
Q

Toxocara cati (feline roundworm): route of infection

A

Oral ingestion

Transparency (lactogenic) paratenic hosts

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14
Q

Ancylostoma caninum (canine hookworm): where is it

A

Small intestine

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15
Q

Ancylostoma caninum (canine hookworm): infected stage

A

Larva

Cutaneous larva in humans

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16
Q

Ancylostoma caninum (canine hookworm): clinical signs

A

Blood loss anemia

Hypoproteinemia

17
Q

Ancylostoma caninum (canine hookworm): routes of infection

A

Oral ingestion
Percutaneous
TransmarrAry
Paratenic hosts

18
Q

Toxocara canis (canine roundworm): where is it

A

Small intestine

19
Q

Toxocara canis (canine roundworm): infected stage

A

Larvated egg

Visceral/ocular larva in humans

20
Q

Toxocara canis (canine roundworm): clinical signs

A

Weight loss
Distended abdomen
Poor growth

21
Q

Toxocara canis (canine roundworm): route of infection

A

Oral ingestion
Prenatal (intrauterine)
Paratenic hosts

22
Q

Helminth parasites

A

Roundworms and flatworms

23
Q

Typical indirect life cycle

A

Repro product: infect age stage-immature-mature-repro product

24
Q

Dipylidium caninum (flea tapeworm): where is it

A

Small intestine

25
Q

Dipylidium caninum (flea tapeworm): how is it passed

A

Passed within proglottids
Eggs must be ingested by a flea
Dogs and cats ingest infected flea

26
Q

Dirofilaria immitis (canine heartworm): where is it

A

Right heart and pulmonary arteries

27
Q

Dirofilaria immitus (canine heartworm): microfilaria

A

Reproductive product
Ingested by Mosquitos
INFECTED STAGE

28
Q

Dirofilaria immitus (canine heartworm): clinical signs

A

Coughing
Weight loss
Exercise intolerance
Heart failure

29
Q

Nematodes diagnosis

A

Fecal exam

Centrifugal flotation is most sensitive

30
Q

Treatment: antihistamines ‘‘dewormers’’

A

NEMATODES- narrow spectrum
Piperazine-ascarids
Pyrantel pamoate, emodepside-ascarids and hook worms

31
Q

Treatment:anthelmintics (nematodes broad spectrum)

A

Benzimidazoles (ascarids, hookworm, whipworm, tapeworm)

Macrocyclic lactones

32
Q

Treatment: Cestodes

A

Benzimidazoles

Praziquantel

33
Q

Adulticide

A

Kills the adult worms in the heart and lungs

34
Q

Microfilaride

A

Kills the microfilaria circulating in the blood

35
Q

Adulticide treatment

A

Imiticide: 2 24 hours apart in lumbar muscles

36
Q

Microfilaricide

A

Usually four weeks after Adulticide treatment

Ivermectin can cause shock is MF in large numbers

37
Q

Prevention

A

Yearly blood test

Preventative drugs

Animal Science 380 (11 decks)

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