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Animal Science 380 > Cow Diseases > Flashcards

Cow Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

COD causes

A 
Due to endocrine imbalance
Disorder of GnRH release
Improper timed LH surge 
Missing receptors for LH/FSH 
HIGH milk production 
Seasonality
Nutrition
Estrogenic feeds
Heredity
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2
Q

COD: clinical signs

A

Nymphomania (not wanting sex)

Anestrus (no estrus)

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3
Q

COD:diagnosis

A

History
Rectal palpation
Ultrasound

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4
Q

COD:treatment

A

50% randomly resolve
GNRH
95% cure in 3 treatments

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5
Q

COD:preventing

A

Cull
Early re breeding
GnRH assure accurate diagnosis

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6
Q

Dystocia

A

1st or 2nd stage
Fetal oversize
Hypocalcemia
Failure of cervical dilation

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7
Q

Dystocia: prevention

A

Use low birth weight Bulls
Pelvic measurements
Good nutrition

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8
Q

Left Displaced Abomasum

A
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9
Q

LDA: risk factors

A 
Hypocalcemia 
Endotoxemia 
Ketosis
Birth of twins 
Space for the abomasum to wander in between ruman and body wall
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10
Q

LDA: clinical signs

A

Off feed (grain)
Falling milk production
Ping on left side
Normal vital signs

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11
Q

LDA: treatment

A 
Cull
Rolling plus a blind stitch 
Surgery
Correct electrolyte imbalances 
Lets is
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12
Q

LDA: preventing

A

Gradual chain in grain levels early in milking period
TMR
CONTROL hypocalcemia (lower CA during dry period )
Other needed pretreatment

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13
Q

Milk fever

A

Acute non fever disease that occurs around calving
Affects high production cows who are generally order
Weakness in paresis

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14
Q

Milk fever: causes

A

Low blood calcium

Milk fever has a 2-7 mg/dL

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15
Q

Milk Fever stage 1

A 
Loss of control
Flank and loin trembles 
Restless
Bellowing 
Will go to stage 2
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16
Q

Milk fever stage 2

A

Sternal, unable to stand, walk
Hypothermic
Depression
Smooth school paralysis

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17
Q

Milk Fever stage 3

A 
Loss of consciousness to come 
Unable to remain sternal 
Unresponsive to stimuli 
Severe bloat 
Decrease cardiac output 
Death if untreated p
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18
Q

milk Fever: treatment

A

Increase serum calcium

Treat bloat

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19
Q

Milk fever: prevention

A

Towards end dry period, feed low calcium diets

Feed ammonium Chloride 100g/cow/day

20
Q

Mastitis

A 
Economic significance 
Affects milk composition and quality 
Public health 
Caused by bacteria entering in the test end 
Also in beef cows horses goats sheep
21
Q

Mastitis: agent risk factors

A

Number of organisms
Frequency of exposure
Ability to resist milk out
Resistance to antibiotics

22
Q

Mastitis: host risk factors

A

Diameter of teat end
Conformation of the Udder
Immunity of the gland

23
Q

Mastitis: environmental risk factors

A

Milking machine function
Udder trauma
Sanitation

24
Q

Mastitis: types

A

Contagious and environmental

25
Q

Mastitis: contagious

A

Spreads during milking
Frequent clinical and sub clinical
High SCC

26
Q

Mastitis: environmental

A

In cows environment
Spread anytime
Well managed herds with low SCC

27
Q

Mastitis: clinical

A

Grossly abnormal milk

Signs in inflammation

28
Q

Mastitis: sub clinical

A

Normal milk
Increased SCC
CMT

29
Q

Mastitis: treatment

A

Antibiotics
NSAIDs
TLC

30
Q

Mastitis: 5 point plan

A 
Correctly using equipment
Pre and post milking test disinfection 
Dry cow treatment
Prompt and effective treatment of clinical cases
Cull chronically infected cows
31
Q

Johnes Disease

A

Diarrhea
Affects cattle worldwide
Contagious and generally fatal

32
Q

Johnes Disease: mycobacterium para tuberculosis

A

Can survive in the soil for a year
Infected animals shed it in manure
Usually brought into herd by carrier
Most animals infected early in life

33
Q

Johnes Disease: clinical presentation

A 
Dairy cattle>beef cattle
Older than 2
Chronic weight loss
Diarrhea
Aggressive appetite 
Low serum protein 
Lesions small intestine
34
Q

Johnes Disease: diagnosis

A

blood testing low sensitivity and high specifically
Fecal culture but has false positives
PCR
no treatment

35
Q

Johnes Disease: control

A 
Only takes one to make the full herd positive
Test all animals, cull positives
Test all new entries
Rear calves in isolation 
Regulated vaccine is available
36
Q

Hardware Disease Dairy Cows

A

Non-discriminative eating habits
Common in dairy and feedlot cattle
Rare in small ruminants and llamas

37
Q

Hardware Disease: clinical signs

A 
Off feed
Fever
Decrease ruman contractions
Cranial abdominal pain 
Decrease milk production 
Increase heart rate
38
Q

Hardware disease: treatment

A

Depends on organ involved
Conservative
If no improvement: surgery

39
Q

Hardware Disease: prevention

A

Eliminate source of feed

Prophylactic magnets

40
Q

Bloat

A

Frothy bloat: legumes, lush pastures, finely ground grain

Free gas bloat: failure of eructation…vagus nerve damage

41
Q

Bloat: clinical signs

A 
Sudden death
Mild bloat (distention upper left para lumbar fossa)
Moderate bloat (more obvious distention, discomfort)
Severe bloat (prominent distention, labored breathing )
42
Q

Bloat: mild Treatment

A

Promote salivation

Orogastric tube: measure from tip of nose to elbow

43
Q

Bloat: frothy bloat treatment

A

Anti foaming agents

Alfasure

44
Q

Bloat: free gas treatment

A

Remove obstruction
Pass tube
Rumenotomy

45
Q

Bloat: prevention

A 
Stage of growth
Forage choice
Grazing management 
Drench or top-dressing 
Ionophores
46
Q

Cystic Ovarian Disease

A

Anovulatory follicular structures greater than 25 mm
Causes 15-45 days after calving
50% spontaneously resolve
They are dynamic

Animal Science 380 (11 decks)

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