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Animal Science 380 > Horse Diseases > Flashcards

Horse Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

Tuberculosis

A

Chronic infection from abscess

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2
Q

Vesicular Diseases

A

Chronic infection from abscess

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3
Q

Screwworm

A

Flys lay larva that eat flesh

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4
Q

Rabies

A

Skunk and raccoons
Fatal neuro disease
Zoonosis
Yearly booster

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5
Q

Rhinopneumonitis

A

Equine herpes virus types 1 4
Respiratory, neurological signs, and abortion
Extremely contagious
Vaccine does not protect vs neuro disease
Booster every six months
Pregnant mares: 5,7,9 months of gestation with killed vaccine

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6
Q

Strangles

A

Young horses
Swollen lymphnodes, fever, respiratory signs
Intranasal vaccine every six to year

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7
Q

Tetanus

A

Anaerobic gram positive bacteria
In soil and feces
Produces spores
Horses and humans>ruminants>dogs>cats>birds

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8
Q

Tetanus clinical signs

A

Locked jaw
Seesaw stance
Mortality

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9
Q

Tetanus risk factors

A

Contaminated wounds…castration, punctured, work involved cattle
Non vaccinated horses

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10
Q

Tetanus treatment

A

Penicillin

Wound care

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11
Q

Equine Infectious Anemia

A

Severe fatal retrovirus disease

Transmitted by horse flies or deer flies

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12
Q

EIA risk factors

A

Summer with horse flies and deer flies
Contact with carrier horse less than 200 yds away
Infected does not mean infectious

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13
Q

EIA clinical SIGNS

A 
Fever 
Lathargy
Anemia 
Chronic weight loss
Chronic swelling
Severe anemia 
Death
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14
Q

EIA diagnosis

A

Clinical signs and history

Coggins test

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15
Q

EIA control

A

Life long isolation
Euthanasia
All equine premises require a negative cogging test yearly
Control of biting flies

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16
Q

Potomac Horse Fever

A

Associated with water loving insects

Non infectious among horses

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17
Q

PHF risk factors

A

Seasonal trend: late spring early fall
Barn with night lights
Access to bodies of water
Non vaccinated horses

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18
Q

PHF clinical signs

A 
Non specific: fever, lethargy
Diarrhea and dehydration 
Endotoxemia 
Abortion 
Laminitis 
Death
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19
Q

PHF diagnosis

A

Blood work: low WBC count, paired serum titers, PCR or IFA in blood

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20
Q

PHF treatment

A

Oxytertracycline IV
Assess dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, control fever
Prevent laminitis

21
Q

PHF vaccination

A

Only covers one strain
Vaccinate six months to a year
No protection against abortion

22
Q

Equine Protozoal Myeloemcephalitis

A

From opposim feces
Neurological disease
Horse is not infectious

23
Q

EPM clinical signs

A

Lameness

Neurological

24
Q

EPM diagnosis

A

Neurological exam
Radiograph of neck
Necropsy

25
Q

EPM Treatment

A

Anti Protozoal
Anti inflammatory
Physical rehab

26
Q

EPM control

A

Control opossum
Cover feed
Remove carcass immediately
No vaccine

27
Q

West Nile Virus

A

Transmitted by Mosquitos
Neurological disease
Birds are the host
Humans and horses are not infectious

28
Q

WNV clinical signs

A

Paralysis

Fever

29
Q

WNV diagnosis

A

CSF and serum antibodies titers

Measurement of IgM for acute infection

30
Q

WNV treatment

A

Antimicrobials until diagnosis is confirmed

IV fluids, anti inflammatorys, sling ,physical rehab

31
Q

WNV CONTROL

A

Vaccinate every 6 months
Control Mosquitos
Stay away from water
Clean a lot

32
Q

WNV vaccination

A

Prior to mosquito season
fort dodge or Pfizer
Canarypox

33
Q

Colic

A

Abdominal pain
Could be caused from inflammation
Digestive problems

34
Q

Colic risk factors

A 
Dental problems 
Diet changed
Parasitism 
Previous colic
Transportation 
Parturition 
Location on farm 
Stress
35
Q

Colic: foals

A 
GI ulcers
Lactose imbalance 
Hernias 
Mechanism impaction 
Atresia coli 
White foal syndrome
36
Q

Colic-weanling

A

Ascarid impaction

Changes in diet

37
Q

Colic-middle aged

A

Dental problems and parasitism
Changes in diet
Type of soil

38
Q

Colic:older horses

A

Dental

Pedunculated lipoma

39
Q

Colic: males

A

Inguinal hernias
Standarbreds
Saddlebreds
Testicular torsion

40
Q

Colic: females

A

Displacement after parturition
Uterine tension
Uterine infection

41
Q

Colic:pain

A

Perception of pain by brain stem and cerebrum
Tolerance varies
Transmission

42
Q

Colic: clinical signs

A

Restless

Circling in stall

43
Q

Colic: concurrent disease

A

Eye related problems
Ortho
Laminitis

44
Q

Colic: mechanisms

A 
Distention: overstretched in gut wall
Spasms in GI motility
ulcers in stomach
Displacement of viscera and tension on MESENTARY 
Ischemia 
Peritonitis
45
Q

Colic: basic work up

A

Attitude temperature heart beat respiratory
Nasogastric tube if heart rate is greater than 60
Recital exam

46
Q

Colic: deep work up

A

Blood work: PCV, TS for hydration, WBC, chemistry
Ultrasound, gastroscopy
Peritoneal fluid collection
Exploratory surgery

47
Q

Colic management

A

Stabilize patient with hydration, control pain, prevent laminitis

48
Q

Colic prevention

A 
Dental care 
No changes in diet 
Fresh water 
Regular deworming 
Monitor Fecal production 
Avoid sand bedding 
Regular exercise 
Safe storage of feed
49
Q

Brucellosis

A

Abortion in cows

Animal Science 380 (11 decks)

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