Parasites

Question 1

What is a parasite?

Answer 1

An organism which feeds on another organism ( its host). The host is always harmed in the relationship while the parasite benefits.

Outside body- fleas and headlice
Inside body- tapeworms

Question 2

Tapeworm

Answer 2

Host organism: Animals

Spread: Passed with bowel movement, drinking contaminated water and raw/undercooked food

Effect on host: Nausea, weakness and fatigue, Diarrhoea, Abdominal pain, Hunger, loss of appetite, weight loss, vitamin and mineral loss

Question 3

Mistletoe

Answer 3

Host: Trees

Host organism: Trees

Spread: Birds- take berries from one tree to another

Effect on host: Weakens host

Question 4

Tongue biter

Answer 4

Host: Fish
Spread: swims attaches to mouth of fish
Effect: removes fish’s tongue and replaces fish’s tongue

Question 5

Fleas

Answer 5

Host: Mammals and birds

Spread: Jumping onto different hosts

Effect: Allergic reaction to bites, can cause hair loss and can pass harmful bacteria like bubonic plague

Question 6

Aphids

Answer 6

Host: plants

Spread: aphids fly

Effect: Lack of nutrients, can spread bacterial disease during feedign and kill plant

Question 7

Scabies

Answer 7

Host: human

Spread: Skin contact, at least 10 minutes, infected bed sheets

Effect on host: allergic reaction, itch and rash

Question 8

Symbiotic relationship

Answer 8

Where both orgnaisms benefit
e.g Oxpecker eats the blood eating ticks on the rhino

Question 9

Plant diseases and defence- signs

Answer 9

1. Stunted growth/ slow growth
2. spots on leaves
3. Rot
4. Malformed leaves
5. Discolouration

Question 10

Transmission of plant diseases

Answer 10

1. Fungal spores and bacteria can be spread by wind and rain
2. Using contaminated garden equipment
3. Aphids transmit viruses and bacteria when they feed on plant