Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Proteins that act as biological catalysts
What is the name of the part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate?
Active site
a
1) active site /1 mark]
2) B [1 mark)
Remember, the substrate has to fit into the active site (like a key fitting into a lock).
The rate of reaction increases as temperature increases
[1 mark).
The temperature is too high [1 mark], so the enzyme has been denatured / has changed shape so that the substrate no longer fits in the active site /I mark]. This means the enzyme will no longer catalyse the reaction /1 mark).
Some information for you to read.
Can you think what happens when you have a fever and your temperature goes above 37c.
What happens to your enzymes?
Enzymes becomes denatured and not be able to catalyse the reaction
Iodine solution turns from browny red to blue black
carbohydrate - sugars [1 mark)
lipid
- glycerol /1 mark] + fatty acids /1 mark)
protein - amino acids /I mark)
1.2 Lipases are digestive enzymes.
What type of molecule do lipases break down? Tick one box.
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Lipids
Give two places in the body that produce lipases.
E.g. pancreas /1 mark), small intestine
Factors that affect the rate of a reaction include:
Enzymes have a temperature and pH that they work best at. This is called the ….
OPTIMUM TEMP & pH
Explain why an enzyme is denatured if the pH is too high ( 2 marks)
( examiners love words like active site and denatured)
If the pH is too high it affects the bonds holding the active site together ( 1 mark) This changes the shape of the active site and denatures the enzyme ( 1 mark)
What happens when an enzyme is denatured
Which substances are absorbed at the small intestine?
