Parasites

Question 1

Parasite

Answer 1

An organism that lives off a host organism, at the expense of the host

Question 2

Ectoparasite

Answer 2

Parasites that live on or in the skin surface of hosts

Question 3

Endoparasite

Answer 3

-parasite that resides within the body

Question 4

Infection

Answer 4

• colonization of the internal tissues/organs by endoparasites

Question 5

Infestation

Answer 5

-colonization of the external surfaces of host by ectoparasites

Question 6

Parasite load

Answer 6

-amount of parasites an animal carries

Question 7

Symptoms of external parasites

Answer 7

-damaged coat from excessive bleeding
-patches
-anemia
-weight loss
-secondary skin infections

Question 8

Skin scraping

Answer 8

-remove hair around area
-dip scalpel in mineral oil
-scrape loose skin to mineral oil on a slide

Question 9

Cellophane tape

Answer 9

-place tape in affected area
-apply mineral oil to a slide
-place tape onto oil
-add more oil and coverslip

Question 10

Insects mallophaga

Answer 10

-chewing lice
-smaller
-yellow
-large round head to chew

Question 11

Insects anoplura

Answer 11

-Suckling lice
-larger in size
-grey/red
-narrow head

Question 12

Keds

Answer 12

-6 legged wingless fly
-suck blood
-spray with insecticide

Question 13

Ticks

Answer 13

-8 legged arachnid
-suck blood
-transmit disease
-spraying acaricide

Question 14

Mites

Answer 14

-small arachnids
-affect legs, fore feet, udder, tail, scrotum

Question 15

Mange

Answer 15

-skin disease caused by parasitic mites
-severe itching, hair loss, scabs
-caused by poor management practices

Question 16

Fleas

Answer 16

-small, wingless insects
-cat fleas commonly affect goats
-itchiness, loss of body weight, anemia

Question 17

How to prevent and control external parasites

Answer 17

-physical evaluations
-isolate
-quarantine
-cleanliness
-pastures
-husbandry

Question 18

Coccidia

Answer 18

-single cell Protozoa
-lives in epithelial cells of the small intestine
-eggs exit through feces
-fecal oral transmission
-21 day life cycle

Question 19

Coccidiosis

Answer 19

-parasitic disease caused by coccidia
-diarrhea, dehydration, fever, weight loss, rough coat, bloody stool, death
-treated with Albon

Question 20

Haemonchus contortus

Answer 20

-lives off blood supply, causes anemia
-diarrhea, dehydration, roughy coat, fluid accumulation in lower jaw, abdomen, thoracic cavity, and gut wall

Question 21

Whip worm

Answer 21

-lives in the large intestine
-fecal oral transmission
-feeds off hosts blood supply
-resistant to deworming
-usually does not cause symptoms, severe causes show anemia and diarrhea

Question 22

Tapeworm

Answer 22

-live in small intestine
-diarrhea, pot belly, weight loss

Question 23

Treatment and control of internal parasites

Answer 23

-chemical dewormers
-isolate
-quarantine
-husbandry
-alternative dewormers
-pasture rotation

Question 24

Steps of drawing blood

Answer 24

1. Alcoholic either side of neck
2. Occlude vein
3. Locate jugular
4. Do not stop occluding
5. Bevel up

Question 25

What to do after blood draw

Answer 25

1. Insert vacutainer into cape
2. Full about half way
3. Pull out, then needle and cape
4. Hold pressure to clot
5. Always keep occluding
6. Always pull vacutainer out first then needle

Question 26

Acceptable PCV for boer goats

Answer 26

• 22-36%
  -lower: anemia
• higher: dehydration

Question 27

Total protein (TP)

Answer 27

-plasma portion
-average 5.5-7.2
-high: dehydration
-low: hemmhorage, GI dz, kidney dz

Question 28

McMaster method

Answer 28

-specific gravity causes eggs to float