Papilloedema

Question 1

Define papilloedema?

Answer 1

Swollen optic disc due to raised ICP

Question 2

What is the ICP a sum of?

Answer 2

Brain=80%
Blood=10%
CSF=10%

Question 3

Describe papilloedema in malignant hypertension?

Answer 3

Leakage and ischaemia of arterioles supplying the optic disc (causes swelling/haemorrhage around optic disc)

Question 4

What are the functions of CSF?

Answer 4

• maintains stable extracellular environment for the brain
• buoyancy
• provides mechanical protection
• waste removal
• nutrition

Question 5

When will ICP increase?

Answer 5

• obstruction to CSF circulation
• overproduction of CSF
• inadequate absorption

Question 6

Where is CSF produced?

Answer 6

in lateral ventricles by choroid plexus

Question 7

Describe idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

Answer 7

Common cause of papilloedema, obstructs CSF circulation

Question 8

List two possible causes of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

Answer 8

Stenosis of transverse cerebral sinuses

Increased abdominal pressure

Question 9

What are some potential causes of impaired CSF absorption?

Answer 9

Vitamin A?

Microemboli in sagittal sinus blocking absorbing

Question 10

What is the result of chronic disc swelling?

Answer 10

Atrophy, loss of visual function