Papilledema Flashcards

1
Q

what is papilledema

A

swelling of the optic disc due to increased CRANIAL pressure radiating to the optic nerve

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2
Q

what should a swollen disc be treated as until proven otherwise

A

raised ICP

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3
Q

what re symptoms (4) and papilledema

A

headaches / N&V / affected vision / ringing in ears

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4
Q

what are the signs (3) of papilledema

A

bulging disc / no disc to cup ratio / swollen vessels

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5
Q

what is the pathophysiology of papilledema

A

subarachnoid space around CNII is continuous with brain and so a raised ICP is transmitted along optic nerve

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6
Q

how do you check inter-cranial pressure

A

lumbar punture to obtain CSF

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7
Q

what is the inter-cranial pressure made up of in it’s closed system

A

80% brain 10% blood 10% CSF

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8
Q

what are risk factors for papilledema

A

head trauma (haemorrhage and swelling) / brain and spinal cord tumour / high BP / emboli and clot / pus from infection

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9
Q

what can cause increased ICP and CSF in the system (3)

A

obstructed CSF circulation / increased CSF production / inadequate absorption

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10
Q

what is idiopathic intracranial hypertension

A

common cause of bilateral disc swelling - obstructs CSF circulation and impairs absorption

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