Paper Two: Human Flashcards
What is urbanisation?
The growth in proportion of people in a population living in urban areas.
Why might LICs and NEEs have higher rates of urbanisation than a HIC?
As HICs are already very economically developed, a large majority of the population already live in urban areas. Many people even leave for more quiet, rural areas. On the other hand, LICs and NEEs have high rates of urbanisation as people want to move to urban areas to receive opportunities, or in the case of NEEs their country is developing extremely quickly.
What are the rough percentages of the urban population for HICs NEEs and LICs
HICs: 80% urban population
LICs: 30% urban population
NEEs: 50% urban population
What is the rate of urbanisation?
The change in size of urban populations over time.
Push factors e.g.
Natural disasters
Unstable income
Fewer jobs
Pull factors e.g.
More, Better jobs
Better QOL
Family and friends are there (social factors)
Better healthcare and education
What is natural increase?
When Birth rate exceeds death rate
What effect does better healthcare have on population
Life expectancy increases, preventing population decrease.
What effect does young migration have on a city
Young people move into urban areas to find work and eventually settle down and have children, increasing the population and proportion
What defines a Megacity
A city with a population of >10million
Advantages and disadvantages of aid
Aid is money or resources given to a country by a foreign government or charity. It is for development projects such as schools. However, Aid is top-down meaning corrupt governments can easily take the money for themselves.
Advantages and disadvantages of Fair Trade
Fairtrade is a system put into place where consumers pay more so that farmers in LICs can receive fair pay for their products. Consumers also pay extra so that these farmers may be paid a premium for them to invest into their local area. As a form of bottom-up aid, Fairtrade seems flawless although in reality retailers only really see a benefit with extra profit and farmers don’t really receive the benefits.
Physical Causes of uneven development are?
Poor Farmland or climate, few raw materials, natural disasters.
Economic Causes of uneven development are?
Poor trade links, Debt, Primary product based economy.
Historical factors of uneven development are?
Conflict + Colonisation
