Paper 3 Terms: Sampling Methods Flashcards
1
Q
Stratified Sampling
A
- First, decide the essential characteristics the sample must reflect (e.g., age, sex, GPA, etc.).
- Then, the distribution of these characteristics will be studied in the target population.
- Recruit participants in a way that keeps the proportions the same.
1
Q
Random Sampling
A
- Make the sample representative
- Every member of the target population has a chance of being part of the sample.
- If the sample size is sufficient, results can be generalized.
- Limitation: not always practical.
2
Q
Convenience Sampling
A
- Recruit participants that are more easily available.
- Used when financial resources and time are limited.
- Generalizing is not the goal.
- Limitation: lack of representativeness.
3
Q
Self-Selected Sampling
A
- Recruiting volunteers
- Quick and easy way to gather participants, usually for a cost.
- Limitation: lack of representativeness.
4
Q
Quota Sampling
A
- Deciding before the start of the study how many people and which characteristics they should have.
- Various recruitment strategies to obtain participants until the quota has been met.
- Self-reporting can be used, but the quota has to be met.
5
Q
Purposive Sampling
A
- Unless it’s random sampling, these techniques can be used with purposive sampling.
- Intentionally selecting participants based on their characteristics, knowledge, experiences, or other criteria.
- Similar to quota sampling but without the predefined proportions/sample size.
6
Q
Theoretical Sampling
A
- A particular type of purposive sampling that stops when the point of data saturation is reached.
- Data Saturation: no new information is obtained from new participants.
- Studies a specific demographic.
7
Q
Snowball Sampling
A
- Participants are asked to bring in more participants.
- Used in studies with groups of people that are difficult to reach (e.g., drug users, gang members, etc.).
