Paper 2 topic 1 Flashcards
Positive effects of training on physical health
- Stronger bones
- Reduce chance of CHD
- Reduce chance of stroke
- Reduce chance of obesity
Positive effects of training in emotional health
- Exercising releases endorphins/ seratonin which make you feel happy
- Help relive stress
- Boosts your self esteem and confidence
Positive effects of training in social health
- Meet new people/ make new friends
- Meet current friends
- Develop your teamwork/ co-operation
- Give you a sense of belonging
Negative effects of training on physical health
- Overextension can lead to heart attack our stroke
- Overuse injuries
- Less effective inmune system
Negative effects of training on emotional health
Injury can lead to depression
Negative effects of training on social health
Training could affect family life
Healthy diet
- Boosts energy levels
- Healthy inmune system
- Reduce stress
- Help weight loss
- Less risk of heart disease, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes
Poor diet
- Can lead to fatigue
- Can lead to obesity
- High risk of heart disease, high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes
- Can affect quality of sleep
- Can lead to depression
Alcohol effect on health
- Leads to dehydration
- Heart failure
- Leads to weight gain
- Increase blood pressure
- Can lead to liver damage
- Depression
Alcohol effect on performance
- Affects co-ordination
- Reaction time and concentration
Nicotine effect on health
- Bronchitis
- Increase risk of lung cancer and other diseases
- Increased chance of stroke
- Increased chance of heart disease
- Blood clots
Nicotine effects on performance
- Reduce ability to carry oxygen
- Affects your cardiovascular endurance
LONG TERM CONSEQUENCES of a sedentary lifestyle
SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE
- Depression
- Heart disease
- Obesity, osteoporosis
- Loss of muscle tone/ poor posture
- Impact components of fitness
BMI
Calculation to determine if a person is underweight, overweight, obese or very obese
Obesity can lead to:
- Mobility issues
- Stress on bones and joints
- Heart disease
- Type 2 diabetes
- Depression due to low self-esteem
7 components of a balanced diet
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water and fibre
carbohydrates
Main source of energy, stored as glycogen,
Amount of carbohydrates
Non-athlete 50-60% diet
Athletes 60-70% diet
Simple sugars
These break down quickly and provide a burst of energy (fruit and sugar)
Complex starches
These break down slowly and release energy slowly, making them ideal for performers (grains, plant cell walls)
Proteins
Vital for muscle growth and repair, healthy inmune system.
Saturated fats
Too much can cause heart disease so limit your consumption of fatty meat, butter, cheese, cakes chips and buiscuits.
Unsaturated fats
Healthier than saturated fats. They can REDUCE the risk of heart disease. Found in oily fish, nuts, olive oil and advocados
vitamins and minerals
health and growth, healthy inmune system and maintain good health
Fibre
Help you absrob vital nutrients, helps remove waste products and esential for healthy bowel function
Water
Carries nutrients arround the body, keeps joints lubricated, helps remove waste products, regulates body temperature through sweating
Gender
Men tend to have a larger bone structure and more muscle mass
Muscle girth
The circumference of a muscle
bone structure
People who exercise from a young age are more likely to have denser bones meaning they will weigh more
