Pantothenic Acid Flashcards
Describe Pantothenic Acid structure
beta-alanine and Pantoic acid, does not contain sulfur
what does Pantothenic acid create
CoA
Step 1 of Pantothenic to CoA
uses 1 ATP–> removal of side group of acid
Step 2 of Pantothenic Acid to CoA
1 ATP–> addition of phosphate
step 3 Pantothenic to CoA
release of CO2–> addition of reactive site on b-alanine side
step 4 of Pantothenic acid to CoA
2 ATP–> removal of carboxyl group within the reactive site
Food sources
present in all plant and animal foods
how is Pantothenic acid usually found
as CoA component
Explain the digestion
CoA is too large to digest so it is hydrolyzed to pantothenic acid
Absorption of B5
passive diffusion in jejunum
what is the bioavailability of B5
50%, decreases with supplements
where does most CoA occur
red blood cells
uptake of B5
sodium dependent within muscles and liver; facilitated within CNS, adipose, kidneys
Function within cells
synthesize CoA
How many ATPs can be created with 1 CoA
12
Functions
needed for glycolysis and TCA, beta oxidation of fatty acids, synthesis of fatty acids
Synthesis of Fatty Acids
Acetyl CoA cannot leave the mitochondria; OAA + Acetyl CoA–> Citrate +CoA used to leave mitochondria then reverse; FA synthesis may occur
Acetylation of proteins
donation of LCFA to proteins; may protect from degradation
Excretion
CoA is converted to pantothenate then excreted in urine
DRI/AI
5 mg/d
deficiency
Burning Feet syndrome, reported in people with severe malnutrition
Toxicity
not reported; may increase niacinn excretion
Assessment
Plasma pantothenic acid concentrations